有感领导对建筑施工群体不安全行为的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 14:08

本文选题：建筑施工群体 + 不安全行为　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2015年我国建筑行业生产事故数量同比虽有下降,却依旧高发频发,形势不容乐观。在建筑行业安全生产中,一个项目的一线施工工人大部分是老乡或亲戚关系易形成群体,如一个施工队,而施工现场的很多作业需要群体合作共同完成,如脚手架、模板的搭建。在项目上实施有感领导的管理模式,对群体工人的不安全行为有着很大的影响作用。为了探究有感领导的核心要素(领导能见度、关系、对工作团体投入、主动管理)对建筑不同经验施工工人群体的不安全行为影响的差异,更加有效管理建筑工人群体、减少群体的不安全行为,本文建立以群体安全氛围为中介变量的有感领导与群体不安全行之间的关系模型,从而更好地研究有感领导对不同经验工作群体不安全行为的影响效果。首先,对于群体行为的复杂性从微观和宏观两个角度进行了分析,辩证地看待了群体行为可以使得个体行为产生协同效应从众性;个体行为又能促使群体行为习惯、作风、人际关系的形成。其次在大量收集国内外相关文献后,使用文献梳理、积淀的方法最终确定有感领导的4个核心要素:能见度、关系、工作团体的投入、主动管理共10个测量维度,群体不安全行为的3个测量维度,群体安全氛围3个测量维度,共计16个测量维度;设计有感领导对群体不安全行为的影响设计了调查问卷,并向陕西某些建筑工地的钢筋工、架子工和砌筑工等工种的工人发放问卷;使用SPSS19.0软件包分析了调查问卷的信度、效度,都达到了标准要求,说明问卷设计是合理的并具有一定可信度;以3年工作经验为标准划分成新工人群体和老工人群体,建立有感领导核心要素(领导能见度、关系、对工作团体投入、主动管理)以群体安全氛围为中介对群体不安全行为影响的多群组结构方程模型(SEM),并运用AMOS软件模拟分析了模型的每条影响路径系数。在新工人群体组,有感领导核心四要素的影响路径系数分别是0.654、0.639、0.544、0.625,老工人群体组依次是0.555、0.577、0.561、0.486。结果表明:有感领导对于经验缺乏的新工人群体的影响均大于老工人群体;对新群体,能见度和主动管理对其不安全行为影响较大;而对老工人群体,关系和对工作团体投入对其影响较大。因此,领导在管理不同经验工人群体时,应该因人而宜,以达到更加有效的管理。在管理新工人群体时,四个方面都在抓,重点在于领导能见度和主动管理,而在老工人群体侧重点应放在群体成员的信息共享、建立坦诚合作的关系上。最后提出了有针对性、可行性的建筑业有感领导培养方案,来预防群体不安全行为保障建筑施工顺利进行。
[Abstract]:In 2015, the number of production accidents in China's construction industry declined from the same period last year, but still occurred frequently, so the situation is not optimistic.In the construction industry, most of the first-line construction workers in a project are rural or related people, such as a construction team, and many operations on the construction site require the cooperation of groups, such as scaffolding.The construction of the template.The implementation of the management mode of perceived leadership in the project has a great impact on the unsafe behavior of the group workers.In order to explore the differences of the core elements of perceived leadership (leadership visibility, relationship, involvement in work groups, active management) on the unsafe behavior of construction workers with different construction experience, and to manage the construction workers more effectively.In order to reduce the unsafe behavior of the group, this paper establishes a model of the relationship between the perceived leadership and the unsafe behavior of the group, which takes the safety atmosphere of the group as the intermediary variable.In order to better study the impact of perceived leadership on unsafe behavior of different working groups.First of all, the complexity of group behavior is analyzed from both micro and macro angles, and the dialectical view of group behavior can make individual behavior produce synergistic effect, and individual behavior can promote group behavior habit and style.The formation of relationships.Secondly, after collecting a large number of relevant literature at home and abroad, using literature combing and accumulation method to determine the four core elements of perceived leadership: visibility, relationship, work group input, active management of a total of 10 measurement dimensions.Three dimensions of group unsafe behavior, 3 dimensions of group safety atmosphere, a total of 16 measurement dimensions.The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS19.0 software package, which showed that the questionnaire design was reasonable and reliable.According to 3 years' work experience, it is divided into new workers group and old worker group. The core elements of leadership (leadership visibility, relationship, input to work group) are established.Active management) the multi-group structural equation model with the influence of group safety atmosphere on the unsafe behavior of the group is used to simulate and analyze each influence path coefficient of the model by using AMOS software.In the new worker group, the influence path coefficient of the four elements of the core of the sensitive leadership was 0.6540.639U 0.544n0.625, and that of the old worker group was 0.555n0.577U 0.561n.4866.The influence path coefficient of the four elements of the core of the sensitive leadership was 0.654U 0.639U 0.544N 0.625 respectively.The results showed that the influence of perceived leadership on the new workers with less experience was greater than that of the old workers; for the new groups, visibility and active management had a greater impact on their unsafe behavior;Relationships and input into work groups have a greater impact on it.Therefore, leaders in the management of different groups of experienced workers, should be appropriate for people to achieve more effective management.In the management of the new workers group, the four aspects are paid attention to, the emphasis is on leadership visibility and active management, while in the old workers group emphasis should be placed on the sharing of information among the members of the group and the establishment of a frank and cooperative relationship.Finally, the paper puts forward a targeted and feasible training scheme for the construction industry, which can prevent the unsafe behavior of the group and ensure the construction of the building to proceed smoothly.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU714

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