唐山市居住建筑节能技术应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 05:18

本文选题：能耗 + 节能设计　；参考：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国,既有的建筑物面积广阔,而且大部分是耗能型建筑,运转能耗非常大。相关数据显示,在我国年增的建筑面积中,节能建筑面积只占新增总面积的3%--5%。非节能建筑既有面积大,新增面积逐年递增,而且大型公共建筑的能耗指标居高不下。以北京为例,大型公共建筑多,每平米建筑面积年耗电量高达100-350KW.h,这相当于城镇每平米住宅面积用电量的10-15倍。因此,对公共建筑实行有效改造,是促进资源的有效利用以及环境保护的根本途径,从根本上决定着能否顺利地走可持续发展道路。本文通过文献资料、实地采访、深入调研等方法,以唐山市的建筑节能改造为参考,利用计算机De ST-c软件模拟分析得出了对建筑外围保护结构的若干改造方案以及保温层厚度的不同对建筑节能效果的影响,并结合经济预算计算出最佳保温层厚度,科学比较了各个方案的经济性和资金回收率,最后提出适合唐山地区既有建筑结构的节能改造方案。本文以唐山市昌乐花苑小区二期既有建筑的节能改造成效为实例,分别对改造前和改造后的外围保护结构的热传导系数进行了实时实地检测,发现采用的热流计法存在非采暖期的现场检测有很大局限性,检测出的结果误差较大,于是针对此问题提出了修正方法,成功使任何时期的现场检测误差降低至5.5%以内。为保证检测结果的全面、科学性,又使用红外热像仪对改造前和改造后的示范建筑的热工缺陷进行了实地检测分析,在坚持节能设计标准的前提下,对改造前、后的建筑耗热量指标及采暖耗煤量指标重新设计。
[Abstract]:In our country, the existing buildings have a large area, and most of them are energy-consuming buildings. According to the relevant data, the energy-saving building area only accounts for 3-5% of the new building area in our country. The non-energy-saving buildings have large area, the new area increases year by year, and the energy consumption index of large-scale public buildings remains high. In Beijing, for example, large public buildings consume as much as 100-350 KW 路hh per square meter of electricity per square meter, which is 10-15 times as much as the amount of electricity per square metre of residential space in towns. Therefore, the effective transformation of public buildings is the fundamental way to promote the effective use of resources and environmental protection, which fundamentally determines whether or not to follow the road of sustainable development smoothly. Through literature, field interviews, in-depth investigation and other methods, this paper takes the energy-saving reconstruction of buildings in Tangshan City as a reference. By means of the computer de ST-c software simulation and analysis, some renovation schemes for the protective structure around the building and the influence of the thickness of the insulation layer on the energy saving effect of the building are obtained, and the optimum thickness of the insulation layer is calculated in combination with the economic budget. The economic efficiency and the recovery rate of each scheme are compared scientifically. Finally, the energy saving reconstruction scheme suitable for the existing building structure in Tangshan area is put forward. Taking the effect of energy-saving reconstruction of the second phase of Changle Huayuan Residential District in Tangshan City as an example, the heat conduction coefficient of the peripheral protective structure before and after the transformation is tested in real time and on the spot in this paper. It is found that the heat flow meter method has great limitations in the field detection of non-heating period, and the error of the detected result is large. Therefore, a modified method is proposed to solve this problem, which has successfully reduced the field detection error to less than 5.5% in any period of time. In order to ensure the comprehensive and scientific test results, the thermal defects of the demonstration buildings before and after transformation were tested and analyzed by using the infrared thermal imager. On the premise of adhering to the energy-saving design standard, the thermal defects before the transformation were analyzed. After the building heat consumption index and heating coal consumption index redesign.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241

【参考文献】