基于PLC的电梯智能控制与监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-05-02 01:29

本文选题：S7-1200PLC + TIA博图软件　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济和城镇建设的飞速发展,高层建筑越来越多。直梯作为高效、便利的楼宇内部交通工具,它的应用越来越广泛,电梯制造业正在快速超前发展。十九世纪五十年代,美国人Elisha·Otis研究出世界上首部带有安全装置的载人升降机。又经过100多年的发展,电梯在生产流程、组件材料、内部结构及控制技术等方面都有了革命性的创新。现代建筑楼层较高、客流量较大时,单台电梯己不能满足人们的使用需求,需安装多台电梯。这个时候就出现了两部以上并联连接,共用大厅呼唤的群控电梯。本文以三部六层并联电梯模型为例来研究群控电梯的智能控制与监测系统设计。设计了群控电梯多目标多规则模糊控制算法;用西门子S7-1200PLC设计了电梯系统基本功能程序;并通过编程对现代智能电梯进行了几点改进创新。本文利用博图软件设计了硬件、监控画面和控制程序。采用WinCC作为上位机监测电梯运行,出现故障及时报警,实时数据存盘等,并对仿真数据进行分析处理。三部六层并联电梯智能控制的设计难点在于信号集选控制。本文从乘客平均候梯时间、乘客平均乘梯时间、能源消耗量和轿厢利用率等方面综合考虑,采用多目标多规则模糊控制算法,实现群控电梯智能控制。本文用PLC设计了三部六层并联电梯智能控制,多层多部并联电梯(即群控电梯)设计思路也是如此。本文软件设计部分先给出了整个电梯群控系统总设计流程。然后设计了初始化、集选控制、高低速运行、开关门、开关门保护、轿厢平层及数码管显示等基本功能程序。并通过编程设计了电梯一些改进创新功能,比如,三级制动刹车、上下限位终端保护、错误指令消除、错层保护、待载休眠和故障中断功能。最后对整个电梯群控系统进行了仿真,通过实验数据验证了本文中多目标多规则模糊控制算法比传统控制算法更优越、更完善。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and town construction, more and more high-rise buildings are built. As an efficient and convenient means of transportation in buildings, the elevator manufacturing industry is developing rapidly. In the 1950 s, Elisha Otis, an American, developed the world's first manned lift with a safety device. After more than 100 years of development, the elevator has revolutionary innovation in production process, component material, internal structure and control technology. When the modern building floor is high and the passenger flow is large, the single elevator can not meet the needs of people, so it is necessary to install many elevators. At this time, there are more than two parallel connections, the common hall called group control elevator. In this paper, the intelligent control and monitoring system design of group control elevator is studied by taking three six-story parallel elevator models as an example. The fuzzy control algorithm of group control elevator is designed, the basic function program of elevator system is designed with Siemens S7-1200PLC, and the modern intelligent elevator is improved and innovated by programming. The hardware, monitor screen and control program are designed by using the software of Botu. WinCC is used as the upper computer to monitor the elevator running, to alarm the faults in time, to save the data in real time, and to analyze and process the simulation data. The design difficulty of intelligent control of three-layer and six-story parallel elevator lies in the signal selection control. Considering the average waiting time of passengers, the average travel time of passengers, the consumption of energy and the utilization ratio of car, this paper adopts multi-objective and multi-rule fuzzy control algorithm to realize the intelligent control of group control elevator. In this paper, the intelligent control of three six-story parallel elevators is designed with PLC, and so is the design idea of multi-layer and multi-parallel elevators (that is, group control elevators). In the part of software design, the overall design flow of elevator group control system is given. Then the basic function programs such as initialization, centralized selection control, high and low speed operation, opening and closing, opening and closing protection, flat floor of car and display of digital tube are designed. Some improved and innovative functions of elevator are programmed and designed, such as three-stage brake, upper and lower limit terminal protection, error instruction elimination, fault layer protection, on-load dormancy and fault interruption. Finally, the whole elevator group control system is simulated, and the experimental data show that the fuzzy control algorithm of multi-objective and multi-rule in this paper is more superior and more perfect than the traditional control algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU976.3

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