西北砖土混合承重民居安全性能提升技术研究与示范

发布时间：2018-05-04 04:32

本文选题：砖土混合民居 + 安全性能　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前精准扶贫的口号响彻全国各地,其工作重心大多集中在贫困农村,其中尽快解决贫困户的住房安全是扶贫攻坚的核心工作之一。西北地区气候、地理环境、资源、文化的特殊性,造就了特色鲜明的传统生土民居,生动地反映了人与自然和谐共生的关系。但是,调查发现,西北地区很多民居的承重墙体材料混用(如砖土混合等),材料选用随意,自然材料的力学强度偏低,施工粗糙,技术工艺相对落后,缺乏抗震构造措施,抵御地震灾害的能力严重不足。历次地震中,倒塌房屋最多的是贫困地区的民居,伤亡最多的是农村人口。本文的出发点就是针对西北贫困地区民居的安全性问题,秉持简单、有效、经济、实用的基本原则,提出一套适宜的加固技术,提升当地民居的安全性能。主要研究内容如下:(1)对西北地区各类型民居进行调研,对其建筑形式,建造技艺、结构形式进行了归纳总结,对房屋存在的危险性进行分析。在对环境、资源和文化等分析思考的基础上提出了一系列的加固方法。(2)在简单、有效、经济和实用的原则下,提出配筋砂浆带刻槽加固生土民居技术,并进行重点研究。论文具体给出三种加固方案对传统土坯墙体加固,然后进行墙体拟静力试验。分析未加固和加固后的传统土坯墙体在低周反复荷载作用下的破坏形态、抗剪承载力、延性、刚度和耗能能力等抗震性能。通过试验现象及数据的分析对比,确定最适宜的加固技术措施。(3)对临洮县农村危房加固改造工程的项目概况、前期调研与调查、安全性鉴定、加固方法和措施、工程造价分析等实践内容做了详细的介绍。在工程实践中探究并验证加固方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:At present, the slogan of precision poverty alleviation has been heard all over the country, and its focus of work is mostly concentrated in the poor rural areas, among which, to solve the housing security of poor households as soon as possible is one of the core tasks of poverty alleviation. The particularity of climate, geographical environment, resources and culture in Northwest China has brought up distinctive characteristics of traditional native folk houses, which vividly reflects the harmonious and symbiotic relationship between man and nature. However, the investigation found that the load-bearing wall materials of many houses in northwest China are mixed (such as brick and soil mixing, etc.), the materials are chosen arbitrarily, the mechanical strength of natural materials is on the low side, the construction is rough, the technical process is relatively backward, and the aseismic construction measures are lacking. The ability to withstand earthquake disasters is seriously inadequate. In previous earthquakes, the most collapsed houses were houses in poor areas, and the most casualties were in rural areas. The starting point of this paper is to put forward a set of appropriate reinforcement technology to improve the safety performance of residential buildings in the poverty-stricken areas of northwest China, adhering to the basic principles of simplicity, efficiency, economy and practicality. The main contents of this study are as follows: (1) investigation of various types of residential houses in Northwest China, summing up of their architectural forms, construction techniques and structural forms, and analysis of the danger of houses. Based on the analysis of environment, resources and culture, a series of reinforcement methods. In this paper, three kinds of reinforcement schemes are given to reinforce the traditional adobe wall, and then the quasi-static test of the wall is carried out. The failure behavior, shear bearing capacity, ductility, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of unreinforced and reinforced traditional adobe walls under low cyclic cyclic loading are analyzed. Through the analysis and comparison of experimental phenomena and data, the most suitable reinforcement technical measures, such as the general situation of the project, the preliminary investigation and investigation, the safety appraisal, the reinforcement methods and measures, are determined. The project cost analysis and other practical contents are introduced in detail. Explore and verify the feasibility of reinforcement method in engineering practice.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU36

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