超市火灾安全评价体系应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 10:47

本文选题：大型超市 + 建筑火灾　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随我国经济得到飞速发展,人们的生活质量和幸福指数不断提高,规模庞大、商品齐全、采购自由的大型购物超市,如雨后春笋般在全国各地涌现。超市以温馨舒适的购物环境和自由的购物方式迎合当代生活节拍和日常生活需求。随着市场的竞争,我国超市更趋向大规模、长跨度、大空间、高档次化。超市是人员和商品的汇集地,可燃易燃物种类多、数目大、火灾负荷大,火灾事故发生率高。一旦发生将造成的较大人员伤亡和财产损失,影响社会的安定和正常生产安全。本课题以合肥市内若干个连锁超市为调查对象,在网络近几年有代表性的超市火灾资料和实例数据分析基础上,并根据大型超市建筑结构、经营特点及超市安全评价研究的结果划分超市火灾评价单元,包括建筑环境单元、电气设备单元、安全管理单元及消防技术单元。首先,建立大型超市评价体系,应用检查表法对超市各评价指标进行系统的检查,使超市安全评价工作具有标准、规范性;并应用Pyrosim建立超市火灾数值模型,运用FDS火灾模拟软件对超市消防技术单元中的自动灭火系统和排烟系统进行模拟,为后续专家现场评分提够依据,最后采用层次分析法对超市火灾安全进行综合评价。本文通过对合肥市区具有代表性的若干大型超市进行现场考察收集资料,选择某超市为具体研究对象。本文采用层次分析法、检查表法法及火灾模拟对超市进行总体安全评价。最后,对实例超市火灾安全评价结果进行总结和展望。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, people's quality of life and happiness index constantly improve, large scale, complete commodities, procurement freedom of large-scale supermarkets, such as springing up in all parts of the country. Supermarket to warm and comfortable shopping environment and free shopping to meet the needs of contemporary life rhythm and daily life. With the market competition, Chinese supermarkets tend to be large-scale, long-span, large-space, high-grade. Supermarket is a gathering place for people and commodities. There are many kinds of flammable combustible substances, large number, heavy fire load and high incidence of fire accidents. Once it occurs, it will cause greater casualties and property losses, which will affect social stability and normal production safety. This subject takes several chain supermarkets in Hefei as the investigation object, based on the analysis of fire data and case data of typical supermarkets in the network in recent years, and according to the building structure of large supermarkets, The management characteristics and the results of the study on supermarket safety evaluation are divided into supermarket fire assessment units, including building environment unit, electrical equipment unit, safety management unit and fire technical unit. First of all, the evaluation system of large supermarkets is established, and the evaluation indexes of supermarkets are systematically checked by the method of inspection table, which makes the work of safety evaluation of supermarkets standard and normative, and establishes the numerical model of supermarket fires by using Pyrosim. The automatic fire extinguishing system and smoke exhaust system in the fire control technical unit of supermarket are simulated by FDS fire simulation software, which provides sufficient basis for the follow-up experts to score on the spot. Finally, AHP is used to comprehensively evaluate the fire safety of the supermarket. In this paper, some representative supermarkets in Hefei are investigated and collected on the spot, and a supermarket is selected as the specific research object. In this paper, Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Checklist method and Fire Simulation are used to evaluate the overall safety of supermarkets. Finally, the fire safety evaluation results of supermarket are summarized and prospected.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU998.1

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