风电吊装全地面起重机高耸臂架分析设计与优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 21:36

本文选题：全地面起重机 + 超起增强高耸臂架　；参考：《太原科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：全地面起重机在风电吊装领域扮演着重要角色,凭借其可以快速转移、长距离行驶又能满足在恶劣场地作业的特点,迅速占领了市场。各起重机厂家考虑到风电吊装过程的起升高度、载荷以及横向尺寸都比较大,对全地面起重机风电吊装采用专用臂架结构型式,即在原有的起重机臂架头部加装风电吊装专用臂架,以此来解决起重机臂架与风电设备之间的吊装干涉问题。本文针对全地面起重机风电吊装专用臂架结构不利的受力状况以及作业环境风载荷等因素的影响,对风电吊装专用臂架结构进行分析设计,得到其结构的设计参数。通过建立风电吊装全地面起重机高耸臂架的整体有限元模型,结合吊装过程中的实际载荷情况,研究臂架结构的静力学和非线性性能及其模态情况,并在此基础上对臂架横截面尺寸与型钢选型优化设计,这对提高风电作业起重机的安全性能十分重要。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)风电吊装全地面起重机臂架作为风电吊装过程中的主要承载结构,对其进行合理设计是非常必要的。根据风电吊装的总体要求与相关起重机设计规范,结合起重机作业过程中风电吊装专用臂架的实际受力情况,提出关于风电吊装专用臂架的研究方案,对其进行构造设计,以便于完成后续风电吊装臂架整体结构的有限元建模。(2)起重机臂架属于底部铰轴支撑、臂架通过变幅油缸改变作业半径、主臂头部被超起拉板牵引的高耸细长组合结构,因此需要对臂架结构做精准力学分析设计,以提高风电吊装作业的可靠性。本文通过风电吊装臂架结构的建模及力学分析,得出臂架静力学应力、应变云图,几何非线性分析云图以及线性动力学的模态振型图等,关注最大应力和位移发生的位置、顾及模态分析结果是避免吊装时结构发生失效和共振的基础,通过改进设计、使臂架结构更加安全合理。(3)依据上述臂架结构每一步的有限元分析结果,采用有限元软件的优化模块对臂架结构的截面尺寸和标准型钢选型进行优化。在参数化建模的基础上,按照起重机设计规范定义设计准则形成约束条件,并制定优化模型和优化方法进行专用臂架优化设计。经过反复的优化过程,和对风电吊装臂架结构优化前后的数据对比分析,判别每次优化设计的合理性,当工程满意度达成时终止参数优化,并输出优化方案。优化设计有利于减去臂架结构的多余质量,对降低起重机制造成本和提高风电吊装安全性具有重要工程意义。
[Abstract]:The whole ground crane plays an important role in the field of wind power hoisting. With its quick transfer and long distance driving, it can satisfy the characteristics of bad site operation, so it quickly occupies the market. Considering that the lifting height, load and transverse dimension of the wind power hoisting process are relatively large, all cranes adopt the special bobbin structure for the wind-power hoisting of all-ground cranes. In order to solve the problem of hoisting interference between crane jib and wind power equipment, a special wind power hoisting arm is installed on the head of the original crane jib in order to solve the problem of hoisting interference between crane jib and wind power equipment. Aiming at the unfavorable force condition of the special boom structure of the whole ground crane and the influence of the wind load in the working environment, this paper analyzes and designs the special boom structure for the wind power hoisting, and obtains the design parameters of the structure. Through the establishment of the integral finite element model of the high rise boom of the whole ground crane for wind power hoisting, combined with the actual load during the hoisting, the static and nonlinear properties and modal conditions of the boom structure are studied. On the basis of this, it is very important to improve the safety performance of wind-working crane by optimizing the cross section size of boom and the selection of section steel. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) as the main bearing structure of wind power hoisting crane, it is necessary to design it reasonably. According to the general requirements of wind power hoisting and relevant crane design specifications, combined with the actual force situation of the special boom of wind power hoisting during the operation of crane, this paper puts forward the research scheme about the special boom for wind power hoisting, and designs its structure. In order to complete the finite element modeling of the whole structure of the following wind power hoisting boom, the crane jib belongs to the bottom hinge shaft support, the jib changes the working radius through the variable amplitude oil cylinder, and the main arm head is towered and slender composite structure, which is drawn by the overloaded lifting plate. In order to improve the reliability of wind power hoisting operation, it is necessary to make precise mechanical analysis and design of boom structure. In this paper, the static stress, strain cloud diagram, geometric nonlinear analysis cloud diagram and modal mode diagram of linear dynamics are obtained by modeling and mechanical analysis of the boom structure of wind power hoisting, and the position of maximum stress and displacement is concerned. Considering the results of modal analysis is the basis to avoid structural failure and resonance when hoisting, by improving the design, the boom structure can be made more safe and reasonable. (3) based on the results of finite element analysis of each step of the above boom structure, The optimization module of finite element software is used to optimize the section size and standard steel type selection of boom structure. On the basis of parameterized modeling, the constraint conditions are formed according to the design criteria defined in the crane design specification, and the optimization model and optimization method are developed to optimize the design of the special boom. After repeated optimization process and data analysis before and after optimization of wind power hoisting boom structure, the rationality of each optimization design is judged, and the optimization parameters are terminated when the engineering satisfaction is reached, and the optimization scheme is outputted. The optimal design is helpful to subtract the excess quality of the boom structure, which is of great engineering significance to reduce the manufacturing cost of the crane and improve the safety of wind power hoisting.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH218

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