基于典型工况试验的轮式装载机动力匹配分析

发布时间：2018-06-07 10:29

本文选题：轮式装载机 + V型作业　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：轮式装载机因其良好的机动性、工程作业高效性、便捷操作性在铲土运输作业中应用广泛。V型作业工况又是装载机作业的典型工况,对装载机V型作业工况动力匹配的研究对于了解装载机作业性能要求、改良产品、优化设计方法、缩短研发周期等方面具有重要意义。为了分析装载机在这一典型工况中的具体工作历程、规律特点和对装载机动态性能进行模拟预测,本文基于某50型轮式装载机铲装细沙石V型作业循环试验,对装载机V型作业性能特点进行了分析研究。根据试验结果,发动机、液力变矩器、变速泵、工作泵、转向泵、工作装置等部件性能在V型作业循环过程中呈现周期性的规律,各部件在单次V型作业不同阶段中又呈现出不同的性能特点。本文基于装载机传动系统行驶状态,按照传统V型作业循环划分方法将V型作业划分为V1~V5五个阶段,还按照工作装置在V型作业中的动作状态将其划分为G1~G7七个阶段。两种划分方法相结合全面分析了V型作业过程中装载机传动系统、工作装置的工作历程,进一步细化了装载机V型作业过程的规律特点。根据试验数据规律,本文提出了一种针对装载机V型作业的动态匹配方法。该方法提出根据V1~V5各阶段规律特点的不同,应对各个阶段分开研究,分别在V1~V5各阶段内进行动态匹配。该种动态匹配方法适用于不同机型装载机V型作业铲装不同物料。本文基于装载机发动机特性曲线、MAP图、液力变矩器原始特性曲线以及动态匹配结果,利用AMESim软件建立了装载机动力传动系统模型,对装载机静态匹配下的性能如各挡最大车速、动力换挡点等性能进行了仿真分析,对装载机V型作业各个阶段内动态匹配下的动态特性规律进行了仿真。针对动态匹配相关曲线仿真值与试验值局部差异较大现象,本文对液力变矩器动态特性进行了研究,研究发现,液力变矩器涡轮角加速度越大,液力变矩器动态特性与原始特性差异越大,不同涡轮角加速度范围会导致液力变矩器原始特性变矩比与动态特性变矩比有不同偏差。依据V型作业整个过程试验数据计算出的涡轮角加速度曲线可以看出,利用液力变矩器原始特性曲线来进行动态匹配,在对仿真精度要求不高时可以满足要求。如果对整体研究精度要求较高,需要考虑液力变矩器的动态特性影响。
[Abstract]:Wheel loader is widely used in shoveling operation because of its good maneuverability, high efficiency and convenient operation. The study of V type loader dynamic matching is of great significance in understanding the performance requirements, improving the product, optimizing the design method and shortening the R & D cycle. In order to analyze the specific working history of the loader in this typical working condition, the characteristics of the rules and the simulation and prediction of the dynamic performance of the loader, this paper based on a 50 type wheel loader shovel loading fine sand stone V type operation cycle test. The performance characteristics of V-type loader are analyzed and studied. According to the test results, the performance of engine, hydraulic torque converter, variable speed pump, working pump, steering pump, working device and so on presents a periodic rule during the V type operation cycle. Each component presents different performance characteristics in different stages of single V-type operation. Based on the driving state of the loader transmission system, the V-type operation is divided into five stages of V1~V5 according to the traditional V-type operation cycle partition method, and it is also divided into seven stages of G1~G7 according to the operating state of the working device in the V-type operation. The working history of the loader transmission system and the working device during the V type operation is analyzed in combination with the two partition methods, and the characteristics of the V type operation process of the loader are further refined. According to the rule of test data, a dynamic matching method for V type operation of loader is presented in this paper. In this method, according to the different characteristics of the V1~V5 stages, each stage should be studied separately, and the dynamic matching should be carried out in each stage of V1~V5. This dynamic matching method is suitable for different types of V-type loader shovel loading different materials. Based on the map diagram of engine characteristic curve of loader, the original characteristic curve of hydraulic torque converter and the dynamic matching result, the model of powertrain system of loader is established by using AMESim software. The performance of loader under static matching is as follows: maximum speed of each gear. The dynamic characteristics of V type loader under dynamic matching are simulated and analyzed. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic torque converter are studied, and it is found that the greater the angular acceleration of turbine is, the greater the dynamic matching correlation curve is between the simulation value and the experimental value. The greater the difference between the dynamic characteristics and the original characteristics of hydraulic torque converter, the different angular acceleration range of turbine will lead to different deviations between the torque ratio of the original characteristics of hydraulic torque converter and the torque ratio of dynamic characteristics. According to the turbine angular acceleration curve calculated from the test data of the whole process of V-type operation, it can be seen that the original characteristic curve of hydraulic torque converter can be dynamically matched, and the requirement of simulation accuracy is not high. If the accuracy of the whole research is high, the dynamic characteristics of the torque converter should be considered.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH243

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