卷烟厂空调系统的能耗特点及节能运行策略

发布时间：2018-06-20 04:38

  本文选题：卷烟厂 + 空调系统　； 参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国烟草行业规模大,卷烟企业众多,是国家税收的重要来源,2016年税收达到10795亿元,国家对烟草行业的健康发展格外重视,但卷烟生产过程对环境温湿度要求较高,需要空调系统进行控制,在卷烟厂总能耗中空调系统能耗所占比重较大,甚至达到总能耗的50%,因此,实现卷烟厂空调系统的节能运行具有重要意义。为了提高卷烟厂空调系统能源利用效率,本文选择云南某卷烟厂为研究对象,进行了现场调研和能耗实测,考察了卷烟厂空调系统能耗高的原因,提出了针对空调系统能效的分层次评价模型,并结合卷烟厂空调负荷特点研究了最优运行策略。主要研究内容与结论如下:(1)通过调研发现卷烟厂空调系统能耗高的主要原因为:风机和水泵选型大导致运行中出现送风再热导致的冷热抵消现象严重、“大风量小焓差”及“大流量小温差”现象、制冷机长期处于部分负荷下运行导致主机能效低及空气处理流程不合理。(2)根据卷烟厂空调系统运行特点,建立了空调系统能效多层次评价模型,分别为空调系统、各空调区域和同一空调区域中各末端机组三个层次能效指标,通过对这些指标的分析不仅能实现对卷烟厂空调系统能效的监测,同时便于对影响空调能效问题的甄别。(3)对该卷烟厂主要车间进行了全年热湿负荷模拟计算并分析其特性:卷接包和虑棒成型间等大多数车间表现为室内全年有余热,需要供冷;烟丝喂丝间设计温湿度高,只有冬季很少时段需要供暖,其他时间供冷;烟丝喂丝间由于工艺需要的相对湿度较高,全年需要需要对送风进行加湿;卷接包等其他车间湿度相对较低,全年均需要除湿,但除湿量较小,热湿比在30000以上。(4)在对空调全年变工况运行分析基础上,根据现有空调设备构成情况,提出了空调系统的节能运行空气处理优化流程与策略,即根据四种工况:①新风比焓大于室内设计状态空气比焓(hwhN),②新风比焓介于室内空气比焓与送风比焓之间(hO1hw≤hN),③新风比焓介于机器露点与送风比焓之间(hO1≥hwhL),④新风比焓小于机器露点的比焓(hw≤hL),分别采用不同的空气处理流程。建立了空调系统最低运行能耗多约束优化数学模型,对该最优问题采用SUMMIT内罚函数法进行计算,求取主要最优运行参数,且与实测能耗结果进行比较,表明采用该优化运行策略具有显著的节能效果,能使该厂空调能耗降低30%。
[Abstract]:China's tobacco industry has a large scale and a large number of cigarette enterprises, which is an important source of national tax revenue. The tax revenue reached 1.0795 trillion yuan in 2016. The state attaches great importance to the healthy development of the tobacco industry, but the process of cigarette production requires higher environmental temperature and humidity. It needs to be controlled by air conditioning system, which accounts for a large proportion of the total energy consumption of cigarette factory, and even reaches 50% of the total energy consumption. Therefore, it is of great significance to realize the energy saving operation of the air conditioning system in cigarette factory. In order to improve the energy efficiency of air conditioning system in cigarette factory, this paper chooses a cigarette factory in Yunnan as the research object, carries on the field investigation and the energy consumption measurement, investigates the reason of the high energy consumption of the air conditioning system in the cigarette factory. A hierarchical evaluation model for air conditioning system energy efficiency is proposed, and the optimal operation strategy is studied according to the characteristics of air conditioning load in cigarette factory. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) through investigation and investigation, it is found that the main reasons for the high energy consumption of air conditioning systems in cigarette factories are: the large selection of fans and pumps leads to a serious phenomenon of cold and heat cancellation caused by reheat of air supply in operation. The phenomena of "large air volume and small enthalpy difference" and "large flow rate and small temperature difference", the operation of the refrigerator under partial load for a long time lead to low energy efficiency of the main engine and unreasonable air treatment process) according to the operating characteristics of the air conditioning system in the cigarette factory, A multi-level evaluation model of air conditioning system energy efficiency is established, which includes three levels of energy efficiency index of air conditioning system, each air conditioning area and each terminal unit in the same air conditioning area. Through the analysis of these indexes, not only can the monitoring of air conditioning system energy efficiency in cigarette factory be realized, At the same time, it is convenient to discriminate the air conditioning energy efficiency problem.) the main workshop of the cigarette factory has been simulated the heat and humidity load of the whole year and analyzed its characteristics: most of the workshops, such as the winding bag and the molding room of the stuffing bar, show that there is surplus heat in the indoor all year round, which needs to be cooled; The design temperature and humidity of tobacco feeding room is high, only in winter little time need heating, other time supply cooling; the tobacco feed silk room needs to humidify the supply air in the whole year because of the high relative humidity required by the technology; The humidity of other workshops, such as winding bag, is relatively low, and it needs dehumidification all year round, but the amount of dehumidification is relatively small, and the ratio of heat to humidity is above 30000. On the basis of the analysis of the operation of the air conditioning system in the whole year, according to the composition of the existing air conditioning equipment, The optimization flow and strategy of air handling for energy saving operation of air conditioning system are put forward. That is, according to the ratio enthalpy of fresh air at 1: 1 in four working conditions is greater than that in indoor design state, the specific enthalpy of fresh air is between the specific enthalpy of indoor air and the specific enthalpy of supply air, the ratio enthalpy of fresh air is between the specific enthalpy of indoor air and the specific enthalpy of supply air, and the specific enthalpy of fresh air is between the dew point of machine and the specific enthalpy of supply air. (4) when the specific enthalpy of fresh air is less than the dewpoint of the machine, the specific enthalpy (HW) 鈮，

本文编号：2042995