臭氧预氧化对水中消毒副产物的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 21:38

本文选题：臭氧 + 溴酸盐　；参考：《吉林建筑大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前国内多数净水厂采用预氧化工艺用以强化去除微污染地表水源的污染物质,通常用的预氧化剂有氯,二氧化氯,高锰酸钾,臭氧等,氯预氧化剂会产生三卤甲烷、卤乙腈等消毒副产物,研究表明三卤甲烷会对肝脏造成损伤,同时还会增加致癌致突变的几率。臭氧预氧化不会产生上述消毒副产物,但臭氧预氧化会形成以溴酸盐为主的消毒副产物,也会对人体产生危害。为了探索臭氧预氧化产生消毒副产物的影响因素,本实验分别探讨了臭氧预氧化对原水及含藻水消毒副产物生成的影响因素以及臭氧预氧化投加方式对水中消毒副产物生成的影响。本实验主要考察了臭氧预氧化对原水和含藻水消毒副产物生成的影响因素,臭氧预氧化投加方式对水中消毒副产物生成的影响。臭氧投加量及水中溴离子对溴酸盐生成量影响显著,当原水pH=7.8,臭氧投加量从0.5mg增加到2.5mg时,溴酸根离子生成量从0.11μg/L增加到0.49μg/L,在此过程中臭氧从1.5mg增加到2mg臭氧生成的速率最快,溴酸根离子生成量从0.3μg/L增加到0.43μg/L。在固定臭氧投加量为0.5mg情况下,当原水中溴离子浓度从4μg/L增加到20μg/L时,溴酸根离子生成量从0.13μg/L增加到0.39μg/L。溴酸根离子受pH影响较小,pH从6升到8变化范围内,溴酸根离子生成量从0.1μg/L增加到0.18μg/L。铵盐对溴酸根离子的去除效果明显,硝酸铵投加量从0.4mg/L增加到2mg/L时,溴酸根离子生成量从0.13μg/L减少到0.04μg/L。活性炭对溴酸盐具有一定的吸附效果,活性炭投加量从5mg/L增加到25mg/L时,溴酸根离子生成量从0.09μg/L降低到0.005μg/L。增加臭氧投加点数量可使溴酸根的生成量降低,最后投加点越多溴酸根减少的速率越来越慢,臭氧投加点的数量应该控制在2~3个为宜。臭氧投加点个数从一个增加到四个时,溴酸根离子生成量从0.16μg/L降低到0.11μg/L。当投加点个数为两个时候,溴酸根离子降低的速率最快,溴酸根离子生成量从0.16μg/L降低到0.13μg/L。
[Abstract]:At present, most domestic water purification plants use preoxidation processes to enhance the removal of pollutants from micro-polluted surface water sources. Usually, the pre-oxidants used are chlorine, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, ozone, etc. The chlorine pre-oxidant will produce trihalomethane. Halogen acetonitrile and other disinfection by-products, studies show that trihalomethane will damage the liver, but also increase the risk of carcinogenic mutagenesis. Ozone preoxidation will not produce the above disinfection by-products, but ozone pre-oxidation will form bromate disinfection by-products, which will also cause harm to human body. In order to explore the influencing factors of disinfection by-products produced by ozone pre-oxidation, The effects of ozone pre-oxidation on the formation of disinfection by-products in raw water and algae-containing water and the effect of ozone pre-oxidation on the formation of disinfection by-products in water were studied. The effects of ozone preoxidation on the formation of disinfection by-products in raw water and algae-containing water were investigated. The effect of ozone dosage and bromine ion in water on bromate production was significant. When the amount of ozone added in raw water increased from 0.5mg to 2.5mg, the amount of bromate ion increased from 0.11 渭 g / L to 0.49 渭 g / L, and the rate of ozone formation from 1.5mg to 2mg was the fastest in the process. The amount of bromate ion was increased from 0.3 渭 g / L to 0.43 渭 g / L. When the concentration of bromine ion in raw water was increased from 4 渭 g / L to 20 渭 g / L, the amount of bromate ion was increased from 0.13 渭 g / L to 0.39 渭 g / L. The amount of bromate ion was increased from 0.1 渭 g / L to 0.18 渭 g / L in the range of pH from 6 to 8. The effect of ammonium salt on the removal of bromate ion was obvious. When the amount of ammonium nitrate was increased from 0.4 mg / L to 2 mg / L, the yield of bromate ion decreased from 0.13 渭 g / L to 0.04 渭 g / L. When the amount of activated carbon was increased from 5 mg / L to 25 mg / L, the amount of bromate ion was decreased from 0.09 渭 g / L to 0.005 渭 g / L. Increasing the number of ozone adding points can reduce the amount of bromate radical, and the more the adding point is, the slower the rate of reduction of bromate radical is. The number of ozone adding point should be controlled at 2 ~ 3 points. When the number of ozone addition points increased from one to four, the amount of bromate ion produced decreased from 0.16 渭 g / L to 0.11 渭 g / L. When the number of adding points is two, the rate of reduction of bromate ion is the fastest, the amount of bromate ion decreases from 0.16 渭 g / L to 0.13 渭 g / L.
【学位授予单位】：吉林建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU991.2

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