街区制理念下封闭小区适度开放式改造研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 08:36

本文选题：街区制 + 居住街区　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前我国城市小区规划理论及建设形式以封闭小区模式为主,内向性与自我完整性是封闭小区的主要特征。其打着“安宁”、“物权私有”的旗号,受到政府、开放商和居民的喜爱。然而,随着城市性质和居民生活方式的不断变革,封闭性小区的弊端日益凸显:过大的地块造成路网紊乱,导致交通拥堵;小区界面封闭,造成活力丧失;公共设施内向自给,造成低效配置。相比之下,国外新城市主义思想指导的街区建设,在结构、形态、空间布局以及功能上与现代城市生活更加契合。因此,国家2016年初在《关于进一步加强城市规划建设管理工作的若干意见》中明确指出:推广街区制,原则上不再建设封闭住宅小区,已建成的住宅小区和单位大院要逐步打开……[1]。然而,对于既有小区实现街区制不是盲目的打开围墙,完全开放则可能会造成多种社会问题的发生。因此,本文重点研究既有封闭小区的适度开放式改造。论文从城市规划、建筑设计与景观等学科领域,系统总结城市小区的规划建设与更新改造的理论发展。通过发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的思路,从小区规模、道路通达与稳静、景观互动与有序、设施复合等方面归纳和提炼出多层次的策略,对既有封闭小区存在的问题逐一加以破解。并结合徐州风华园案例,提出既有小区的适应性改造方案。第一部分为绪论,主要介绍研究背景与意义等,梳理脉络,确定框架结构;第二部分为基础研究,包括我国城市住区发展历程,与封闭小区开放居民意愿调研;第三部分,分析国内外优秀的街区型住区建设案例,总结出适度开放式营建手法,并应用于本文的改造研究;第四部分,从道路、景观空间、设施等方面提出街区制理念下既有封闭小区的适度开放式改造手法;第五部分,针对案例特点,对徐州市风华园小区适度开放式改造应用,并阐释具体措施;第六部分,指出当前中国封闭小区适度开放式改造需要考虑到的几点问题。
[Abstract]:At present, the theory and construction form of urban district planning in our country is based on the closed district model, and introversion and self-integrity are the main characteristics of closed residential area. Under the banner of "tranquility" and "private real right", it is loved by the government, open merchants and residents. However, with the continuous changes in the nature of the city and the way of life of the residents, the disadvantages of the closed community are becoming increasingly prominent: too large plots of land cause road network disorder, resulting in traffic congestion; the closed interface of the residential area results in the loss of vitality; and the public facilities are introverted and self-supporting. Causes inefficient configuration. In contrast, the construction of blocks guided by the new urbanism in foreign countries is more compatible with modern urban life in terms of structure, form, spatial layout and function. Therefore, at the beginning of 2016, in "some opinions on further strengthening the management of urban planning and construction", the state clearly pointed out: popularizing the block system will, in principle, not build a closed residential district. Completed residential quarter and unit compound should be gradually opened. [1] However, to realize the block system in the existing district is not to blindly open the wall, the complete opening may lead to a variety of social problems. Therefore, this paper focuses on the modest open reform of existing closed residential areas. This paper systematically summarizes the theoretical development of urban district planning, construction and renovation from the aspects of urban planning, architectural design and landscape. By finding the problem, putting forward the problem, analyzing the problem and solving the problem, the multi-level strategies are summarized and refined from the scale of the community, the access and stability of the road, the interaction and order of the landscape, the complex of facilities, etc. The existing closed community problems one by one to be solved. Combined with the case of Xuzhou Fenghua Garden, the adaptive reconstruction scheme of the existing residential area is put forward. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the background and significance of the research, combs the context, determines the frame structure; the second part is the basic research, including the development of urban settlements in China, and the closed community open residents will survey; the third part, This paper analyzes the excellent cases of residential district construction at home and abroad, sums up the moderately open construction techniques, and applies them to the research of reconstruction in this paper. Part four, from the perspective of road, landscape space, Facilities and other aspects of the concept of block system under the concept of modest open transformation of existing closed residential areas; part five, according to the characteristics of the case, Xuzhou Fenghua Garden District moderately open transformation application, and explain the specific measures; part VI, This paper points out some problems that need to be considered in the moderate open reform of closed residential areas in China.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.12

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