饮用水电化学和膜分离除氟技术发展与展望

发布时间：2018-07-04 18:07

本文选题：饮用水 + 氟化物　；参考：《给水排水》2017年11期

【摘要】：自然和人类活动是导致饮用水中氟含量超标的主要原因,饮用氟含量超标的水会对人体造成伤害,必须采取经济有效的方法进行脱氟处理。传统的活性氧化铝和骨炭等吸附剂对于低浓度含氟水具有较好的处理效果,而对于高浓度氟污染的地表水和地下水,则需要更为有效的处理工艺,以保障饮用水安全。除吸附技术外,在现有的除氟技术中,电化学和膜技术因脱氟效果好而被广泛研究。电化学技术利用电场的作用实现F-的高效去除,而膜技术利用膜的选择透过性达到除氟的目的,两者原理的不同造成不同工艺除污染性能方面的差异。详细总结了电化学和膜技术在除氟方面的研究进展,其中电吸附和混合基质膜除氟技术能耗低、去氟效果优异且可重复使用,是一种高效和发展前景较好的饮用水除氟技术。
[Abstract]:The natural and human activities are the main reasons for the fluorine content in drinking water exceeding the standard. Drinking water with excessive fluoride content will cause harm to the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to take economical and effective methods to defluorinate the drinking water. Traditional adsorbents such as activated alumina and bone charcoal have better treatment effect for low concentration fluorine containing water, but for surface water and groundwater contaminated with high concentration of fluoride, more effective treatment technology is needed to ensure the safety of drinking water. In addition to adsorption technology, electrochemistry and membrane technology have been widely studied in the existing fluorine removal technology because of the good defluorination effect. The electrochemistry technology uses the electric field to realize the efficient removal of F-, while the membrane technology uses the selective permeability of the membrane to achieve the purpose of defluorination. The difference of the principle of the two methods results in the difference of the performance of different processes in the decontamination. The research progress of electrochemistry and membrane technology in fluoride removal is summarized in detail. Among them, electrosorption and mixed matrix membrane defluorination technology has low energy consumption, excellent defluorination effect and can be reused. It is an efficient and promising fluorine removal technology for drinking water.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院;合肥朱砖井污水处理有限公司;唐山海清源科技股份有限公司;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07404-003) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(50778051) 河北省科技支撑计划项目(14273104D) 唐山市科技计划项目(14130203B)
【分类号】：TU991.2

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