工程多项目下基于关键链技术的多资源均衡研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 21:17

【摘要】：随着建筑业的不断发展,工程项目的建设规模和管理复杂性不断增加,多项目并行开始成为许多建筑工程项目的常态,多项目并行的施工管理中,由于施工现场资源的供应的总量有限,不同的子项目内的任务活动之间容易出现对某一种或多种资源的“争夺”,进而引发资源冲突,导致项目工期拖延,管理成本增加。关键链法是近些年来研究较多的一种新的项目管理技术,已经在国外许多企业项目管理实践中得到有效运用,对解决项目资源冲入、降低管理成本,缩短工期等目标实现具有重要指导意义。因此,研究如何使用关键链技术改进并行多项工程的管理情况,从而实现多种资源的有效配置,减少施工成本,提高管理效益,是一个非常有实际价值的研究方向。针对以上问题,本文吸收了国内外在关键链以及资源均衡的最新的研究成果,在深入分析各种调度方法的基础上,本文针对关键链多项目管理存在的二次调度困境,从鲁棒优化的角度提出一种启发式的协调策略进行调度,并采用缓冲动态消耗指标度量二次调度下多项目关键链的鲁棒性大小,对多项目关键链的识别方法进行了一定的改进;在此基础上,本文建立了工期最短—鲁棒性最大双目标模型,对多项目关键链进行识别;考虑到双目标因素,本文采用了非支配性排序多目标遗传进化算法NSGA-II进行模型的求解;为了进一步验证,本文采用算例验证了本文模型及算法有效性及可行性。在多项目关键链的基础上,本文进一步探讨了基于关键链的多项目多资源均衡方法,分析了多项目多资源均衡优化过程中存在的特殊情况,进一步发现多项目多资源均衡优化与单项目资源均衡具有明显区别,资源均衡优化模型不能简单采用单项目资源均衡模型的“累加”,多项目资源均衡优化需要同时考虑多项目“整体”资源均衡与子项目“部分”资源均衡;在此基础上,本文从多项目整体资源均衡与子项目资源均衡两个角度出发,结合资源均衡的新指标—资源熵,改进了多项目多资源均衡优化方法,建立了基于关键链的多项目多资源均衡优化模型,并且采用了遗传算法进行求解;为了验证模型的有效性,本文采用算例进行验证,结果证明该模型及算法能够有效改善多项目多资源的使用情况。为将本文的多项目关键链识别法以及多项目多资源均衡优化方法从理论层面推向应用层面,本文将基于二次调度问题分析的关键链识别以及多项目多资源均衡优化方法应用于船厂建设工程多项目施工管理计划实践中,通过对多项目下关键链的识别以及资源均衡优化,验证了本文目标模型的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the construction industry, the construction scale and management complexity of the engineering projects are increasing, and the multi-project parallel has become the norm of many construction projects, and the multi-project concurrent construction management. Due to the limited supply of construction site resources, it is easy to compete for one or more resources among the task activities in different subprojects, which leads to the conflict of resources, which leads to the delay of project construction period and the increase of management cost. Key chain method is a new project management technology which has been studied in recent years. It has been used effectively in the project management practice of many foreign enterprises, which can solve the problem of project resources and reduce the cost of project management. It is of great significance to achieve the goal of shortening the duration of the project. Therefore, it is a very valuable research direction to study how to use key chain technology to improve the management of multiple concurrent projects, so as to realize the effective allocation of many kinds of resources, reduce the construction cost and improve the management efficiency. In view of the above problems, this paper absorbs the latest research results of critical chain and resource balance at home and abroad. On the basis of in-depth analysis of various scheduling methods, this paper aims at the secondary scheduling dilemma of key chain multi-project management. This paper proposes a heuristic coordination strategy for scheduling from the point of view of robust optimization, and uses dynamic consumption index to measure the robustness of multi-project key chains under secondary scheduling, and improves the method of identifying multi-project key chains. On this basis, this paper establishes the shortest-robust maximum double objective model of time limit, identifies the key chain of multi-items, and takes into account the double-objective factors, adopts the non-dominating sorting multi-objective genetic evolutionary algorithm NSGA-II to solve the model In order to further verify, the effectiveness and feasibility of the model and algorithm are verified by an example. On the basis of multi-project key chain, this paper further discusses the method of multi-project multi-resource equilibrium based on key chain, and analyzes the special situation in the process of multi-project multi-resource equilibrium optimization. It is further found that the multi-project multi-resource equilibrium optimization is obviously different from the single-project resource equilibrium, and the resource equilibrium optimization model cannot simply adopt the "accumulation" of the single project resource equilibrium model. Multi-project resource balance optimization needs to consider multi-project "overall" resource balance and sub-project "partial" resource balance at the same time, on this basis, this paper starts from two angles of multi-project overall resource balance and sub-project resource balance. Combined with the resource entropy, a multi-item and multi-resource equilibrium optimization model based on key chain is established, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. In order to verify the validity of the model, a numerical example is used to verify the effectiveness of the model. The results show that the model and the algorithm can effectively improve the use of multi-project and multi-resource. In order to push the multi-project key chain identification method and the multi-project multi-resource equilibrium optimization method from the theoretical level to the application level, In this paper, the key chain identification based on the analysis of the secondary scheduling problem and the method of multi-project and multi-resource equilibrium optimization are applied to the practice of multi-project construction management plan of shipyard construction project. Through the identification of the key chain and the optimization of the resource balance under the multi-project condition, the key chain is identified and optimized. The validity and feasibility of the target model are verified.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU71

【参考文献】