液压挖掘机工作机构尺寸变化对其作业性能的影响规律研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 10:26

【摘要】：以液压挖掘机的工作区域为对象,针对工作机构尺寸变化对挖掘范围及作业性能指标的影响进行研究,依据性能要求逆向为工作机构尺寸优化设计提供方向策略。分别考虑挖掘作业中的斗杆挖掘和铲斗挖掘典型工况,利用开发的工作装置运动分析软件绘制了相应的挖掘轨迹的包络曲线。分析工作机构中动臂、斗杆、铲斗尺寸变化对整机挖掘作业性能指标的影响规律,同时对工作机构进行动力学分析,并优化复合挖掘力。结果表明:动臂尺寸增加时,最大挖掘深度、挖掘半径分别增幅达5.56%、13.31%,最大挖掘高度、卸载高度增幅分别达51.36%、53.87%。斗杆尺寸增加使其4种主要工作尺寸总体变化率在5%以内,增加幅度较低,其中挖掘高度的相对增幅率是下降的。铲斗尺寸增加,最大挖掘深度增幅最大为2.7%,且相对增幅变化率均匀;最大挖掘高度、挖掘半径总体变化率在1.3%左右,最大卸载高度呈下降趋势。优化后获得较大的挖掘力为532.16 k N较斗杆挖掘和铲斗挖掘有较大的提升,并给出在主要工况下的挖掘路径。
[Abstract]:Taking the working area of hydraulic excavator as an object, this paper studies the influence of the dimension change of working mechanism on the mining range and performance index, and provides the direction strategy for the optimization design of working mechanism dimension according to the performance requirements. Considering the typical working conditions of bucket rod excavation and bucket excavating respectively, the envelope curve of mining trajectory is drawn by using the motion analysis software of the working device developed. This paper analyzes the influence of the size change of arm, bucket and bucket in the working mechanism on the performance index of the excavating machine. At the same time, the dynamic analysis of the working mechanism is carried out, and the composite excavation force is optimized. The results show that when the size of arm increases, the maximum depth and radius of excavation increase by 5.56and 13.31 respectively, the maximum height of excavation and the height of unloading reach 51.36 and 53.87, respectively. With the increase of bucket bar size, the overall change rate of the four main working dimensions is less than 5%, and the increase range is low, among which the relative increase rate of digging height is decreased. With the increase of bucket size, the maximum increase of excavating depth is 2.7%, and the relative increase rate is uniform, and the total variation rate of maximum excavating height is about 1.3%, and the maximum unloading height is decreasing. The optimized excavation force of 532.16 KN is much higher than that of bucket and bucket excavations, and the excavation path under main working conditions is given.
【作者单位】：太原科技大学机械工程学院;沃尔沃设备建筑技术(中国)有限公司;西北工业大学工业设计系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51575370,U1510131,51105264)
【分类号】：TU621

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