基于风环境模拟的徐州矿区居住区室外空间优化设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 18:40

【摘要】：徐州地区矿区居住区大多建造于上世纪六七十年代,住区老旧且地处郊区,加之长期采煤造成周边水土流失严重,居住区在春冬两季扬尘天气频发,对居民的日常外出活动造成不利影响。本文通过对徐州现有矿区居住区进行调研分析,了解居住区现状及住区室外空间存在的问题,利用CFD计算机数值模拟的方法,探究规划设计层面的矿区居住区室外风环境优化设计策略。首先,对徐州市矿区居住区的建筑特点、布局特征以及周围环境进行了调研,了解矿区居民的年龄构成和日常生活习惯,对矿区居住区现阶段的状况及其存在的问题进行总结。根据徐州市的气象数据资料,归纳总结了徐州地区的气候和风环境特征,结合前期调研确定三种对徐州矿区居住区较为不利的风环境状况。在参考国内外建筑风环境评价方法的基础上,确定徐州矿区居住区的风环境评价标准。之后,对徐州现有的矿区居住区平面布局形式进行了归纳分类,将现有布局方式简化为行列式布局、错列式布局、围合式布局三类,建立三维模型,对模型的布局、高度、间距、布局角度、体形进行调整,运用Phoenics软件计算室外风环境,分析各规划设计变量对居住区室外风环境的影响,初步总结矿区居住区的室外风环境优化设计策略。最后,从现存矿区居住区中选取典型案例——卧牛矿居住区,通过虚拟改造的方式,设置三种不同的周边环境,验证优化策略的可行性及适用条件,并初步探讨优化策略是否具有叠加特性,可以共同改善矿区居住区室外风环境品质。最终,将已提出的室外风环境优化设计策略加以补充和完善。本文利用计算机数值模拟高效、直观、准确的特点,将其作为研究工具对徐州矿区居住区室外风环境进行研究。以三种典型布局的简化计算模型,对建筑布局等规划设计要素对住区室外风环境的影响进行研究,最终提出优化设计策略。希望能够为徐州矿区居住区的更新改造提供一定的理论依据,为居民营造舒适的社区微环境。
[Abstract]:Most of the residential areas in Xuzhou mining area were built in the 1960s and 1970s. The settlements are old and located in the suburbs. In addition, because of the serious soil and water loss caused by long-term coal mining, the residential areas frequently experience dust-raising weather in the spring and winter. It has an adverse effect on the daily activities of residents going out. Based on the investigation and analysis of the existing mining district in Xuzhou, the present situation of the residential area and the problems existing in the outdoor space of the residential area are understood, and the method of CFD computer numerical simulation is used in this paper. This paper explores the optimal design strategy of outdoor wind environment in mining district at the level of planning and design. First of all, the architectural characteristics, layout characteristics and surrounding environment of the residential areas in Xuzhou City are investigated, the age composition and daily living habits of the residents in the mining areas are understood, and the present situation and existing problems of the residential areas in the mining areas are summarized. According to the meteorological data of Xuzhou City, the characteristics of climate and wind environment in Xuzhou area are summarized, and three kinds of wind environmental conditions which are unfavorable to the residential area of Xuzhou mining area are determined in combination with the previous investigation. On the basis of referring to the methods of building wind environment evaluation at home and abroad, the evaluation standard of wind environment in Xuzhou mining area is determined. After that, the paper summarizes and classifies the existing layout form of mining district in Xuzhou, and simplifies the existing layout mode into three types: determinant layout, staggered layout and enclosed layout. The three-dimensional model is established, and the layout of the model, the height of the model, is established. The space, layout angle and body shape are adjusted, the outdoor wind environment is calculated by using Phoenics software, the influence of various planning and design variables on outdoor wind environment of residential area is analyzed, and the optimization design strategy of outdoor wind environment in mining area is summarized. Finally, select the typical case from the existing residential area of mining area-Wunniu mine residential area, through virtual transformation, set up three different surrounding environment, verify the feasibility of the optimization strategy and applicable conditions. It also discusses whether the optimization strategy has the superposition property, which can improve the outdoor wind environment quality of the mining area. Finally, the proposed optimal design strategy of outdoor wind environment is added and perfected. This paper studies the outdoor wind environment of Xuzhou mining area by using computer numerical simulation, which is efficient, intuitive and accurate. Based on the simplified calculation model of three typical layouts, the effects of planning and design elements such as architectural layout on the outdoor wind environment of residential areas are studied, and the optimal design strategy is put forward. It is hoped that it can provide certain theoretical basis for the renewal and transformation of Xuzhou mining area residential area and create comfortable community microenvironment for residents.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.12;TU119

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