高举架立式圆筒型储液容器减震技术及理论
发布时间：2018-08-30 16:09
【摘要】：随着石油化工、建筑工业、海洋平台等的发展,高举架储液容器仍然扮演着举足轻重的角色。此类结构一旦遭遇震害,会危害到人类的生命、财产等。为了减轻地震对高举架立式圆筒型储液容器造成的破坏,本文在国内外学者的研究基础上,针对高举架立式圆筒型储液容器结构特点提出了基础隔震、柱顶隔震、附加粘滞阻尼器减震、粘滞阻尼器与基础隔震组合减震、粘滞阻尼器与柱顶隔震组合减震五种减震方法,从理论研究及有限元数值仿真分析两个方面进行了地震动响应对比分析,研究内容如下:1.高举架立式圆筒型储液容器隔震理论:将支承分散成多个集中质点,提出了新的抗震、基础隔震及柱顶隔震简化分析力学模型,给出了运动控制方程,针对不同地震动输入,采用数值积分法进行了地震动响应对比分析,结果表明:采用隔震措施后能很好地减小结构地震动响应,但对储液晃动波高控制有限,两种隔震方式减震效率相差不大;隔震设计需根据不同场地类型选取合理的隔震周期。2.高举架立式圆筒型储液容器附加粘滞阻尼器减震理论:建立了附加粘滞阻尼器的减震模型及运动控制方程,对比分析了不同速度指数、不同阻尼器配置方案、不同地震动输入时的地震动响应,结果表明:粘滞阻尼器受地震动频率影响较小,均有较好控制效率;通过在支承结构上附加粘滞阻尼器能够在一定程度上降低高举架立式圆筒型储液容器的晃动波高;粘滞阻尼器阻尼参数、配置方案等需综合考虑工程实际情况,优化设计。3.高举架立式圆筒型储液容器组合减震理论:建立了两种组合减震的简化力学模型,对比分析了不同地震动输入、不同储液高度、不同速度指数及不同地震动峰值时不同减震方式的减震效果,结果表明:组合减震措施控制效率要好于单一减震措施,且其优势与速度指数密切相关。建议被动控制方式的选取需根据实际工程抗震要求、场地条件等实际情况,选择最合适的被动控制方式。4.高举架立式圆筒型储液容器隔震有限元数值仿真分析:建立了基础隔震和柱顶隔震有限元模型,研究在不同阻尼比、不同隔震周期、不同地震动输入和不同储液高度等参数影响下高举架立式圆筒型储液容器的地震响应。结果表明:采用基础隔震及柱顶隔震后,地震动响应减震效果明显,可优化其储罐、支承和基础设计,缩小截面尺寸,降低工程造价;基础隔震和柱顶隔震的减震率与隔震周期、隔震层阻尼比密切相关。建议高举架立式圆筒型储液容器隔震设计时需考虑多参数、多形式影响,选择最合理隔震方案。5.高举架立式圆筒型储液容器粘滞阻尼器减震有限元数值仿真分析:建立了高举架立式圆筒型储液容器粘滞阻尼器减震有限元模型,并进行地震动响应分析,结果表明:粘滞阻尼器减震措施能有效控制支承结构及上部储罐地震动响应,同时对储液的晃动波高有一定控制作用。6.高举架立式圆筒型储液容器组合减震有限元数值仿真分析:建立高举架立式圆筒型储液容器组合减震有限元模型。针对不同地震动输入,对比分析了五种减震方式地震动响应减震效率,结果表明:采用组合减震措施时,隔震层偏移较小,有利于保护隔震层和结构的安全。从耗能角度看,粘滞阻尼器与柱顶隔震组合减震方式使两种减震措施充分发挥作用,配置更加合理;采用粘滞阻尼器减震措施及组合减震措施相对采用隔震措施来说,具有更好的适应能力,在四种地震动作用下均有较好的减震效果,尤其体现在对层间位移角的控制。减震方式的选取需综合考虑多种因素的影响,选用经济可靠的减震措施。7.为验证计算结果准确性,对结构振型模态与地震动响应的理论值与有限元值进行了对比分析,计算结果表明:理论值与有限元值较为相似,相互证明了计算结果的准确性。
[Abstract]:With the development of petrochemical industry, construction industry and offshore platforms, elevated liquid storage containers still play an important role. Once such structures are damaged by earthquakes, they will endanger human life and property. According to the structural characteristics of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame, five kinds of seismic reduction methods are put forward, including base isolation, column top isolation, additional viscous damper, combination of viscous damper and base isolation, combination of viscous damper and column top isolation. The ground motion is analyzed by theoretical research and finite element numerical simulation. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Seismic isolation theory of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame: the support is dispersed into several concentrated mass points, and a new simplified analytical mechanical model of seismic resistance, base isolation and column top isolation is proposed. The motion control equations are given. According to different seismic input, the seismic response of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel is analyzed by numerical integration method. The results show that the isolation measures can reduce the seismic response of the structure, but the control of the sloshing wave height is limited, and the damping efficiency of the two isolation methods is not much different. The isolation design should select a reasonable isolation period according to different site types. Seismic theory: The damping model and motion control equation of viscous dampers are established, and the seismic response of different velocity indices, different dampers configuration schemes and different ground motion inputs are compared and analyzed. The results show that the viscous dampers have better control efficiency because of less influence of ground motion frequencies. Hysteretic dampers can reduce the sloshing wave height of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessels to a certain extent; damping parameters of viscous dampers and configuration schemes need to be optimized considering the actual situation of the project. 3. Combined damping theory of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessels with elevated frames: two simplified mechanical models of combined damping are established and compared. The results show that the control efficiency of combined seismic mitigation measures is better than that of single seismic mitigation measures, and its advantages are closely related to the velocity index. Finite element simulation analysis of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame structure: the finite element models of base isolation and column top isolation are established, and the effects of different damping ratios, different isolation periods, different seismic input and different liquid storage heights are studied. The results show that the seismic response of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with lower elevated frame can be reduced obviously by using base isolation and column-top isolation, and the damping ratio of base isolation and column-top isolation is close to that of isolation layer. It is suggested that multi-parameter and multi-form influence should be considered in the design of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel isolation. 5. Numerical simulation analysis of viscous damper of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame is carried out. The finite element model of viscous damper of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame is established, and the optimal isolation scheme is selected. The results of seismic response analysis show that the viscous damper can effectively control the seismic response of the supporting structure and the upper storage tank, and also can control the sloshing wave height of the liquid storage. 6. The finite element numerical simulation analysis of the combined damping of the vertical cylindrical storage container with elevated frame: The vertical cylindrical storage container with elevated frame is established. According to different earthquake input, the seismic response reduction efficiency of five seismic isolation methods is compared and analyzed. The results show that the isolation layer deviation is small, which is helpful to protect the safety of the isolation layer and structure. Compared with the isolation measures, the viscous dampers have better adaptability and have better damping effect under four kinds of ground motions, especially in the control of the displacement angle between layers. In order to verify the accuracy of the calculation results, the theoretical values and the finite element values of the structural vibration mode and the ground vibration response are compared and analyzed. The results show that the theoretical values are similar to the finite element values, which prove the accuracy of the calculation results.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.12
，
本文编号：2213589
[Abstract]:With the development of petrochemical industry, construction industry and offshore platforms, elevated liquid storage containers still play an important role. Once such structures are damaged by earthquakes, they will endanger human life and property. According to the structural characteristics of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame, five kinds of seismic reduction methods are put forward, including base isolation, column top isolation, additional viscous damper, combination of viscous damper and base isolation, combination of viscous damper and column top isolation. The ground motion is analyzed by theoretical research and finite element numerical simulation. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Seismic isolation theory of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame: the support is dispersed into several concentrated mass points, and a new simplified analytical mechanical model of seismic resistance, base isolation and column top isolation is proposed. The motion control equations are given. According to different seismic input, the seismic response of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel is analyzed by numerical integration method. The results show that the isolation measures can reduce the seismic response of the structure, but the control of the sloshing wave height is limited, and the damping efficiency of the two isolation methods is not much different. The isolation design should select a reasonable isolation period according to different site types. Seismic theory: The damping model and motion control equation of viscous dampers are established, and the seismic response of different velocity indices, different dampers configuration schemes and different ground motion inputs are compared and analyzed. The results show that the viscous dampers have better control efficiency because of less influence of ground motion frequencies. Hysteretic dampers can reduce the sloshing wave height of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessels to a certain extent; damping parameters of viscous dampers and configuration schemes need to be optimized considering the actual situation of the project. 3. Combined damping theory of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessels with elevated frames: two simplified mechanical models of combined damping are established and compared. The results show that the control efficiency of combined seismic mitigation measures is better than that of single seismic mitigation measures, and its advantages are closely related to the velocity index. Finite element simulation analysis of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame structure: the finite element models of base isolation and column top isolation are established, and the effects of different damping ratios, different isolation periods, different seismic input and different liquid storage heights are studied. The results show that the seismic response of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with lower elevated frame can be reduced obviously by using base isolation and column-top isolation, and the damping ratio of base isolation and column-top isolation is close to that of isolation layer. It is suggested that multi-parameter and multi-form influence should be considered in the design of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel isolation. 5. Numerical simulation analysis of viscous damper of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame is carried out. The finite element model of viscous damper of vertical cylindrical liquid storage vessel with elevated frame is established, and the optimal isolation scheme is selected. The results of seismic response analysis show that the viscous damper can effectively control the seismic response of the supporting structure and the upper storage tank, and also can control the sloshing wave height of the liquid storage. 6. The finite element numerical simulation analysis of the combined damping of the vertical cylindrical storage container with elevated frame: The vertical cylindrical storage container with elevated frame is established. According to different earthquake input, the seismic response reduction efficiency of five seismic isolation methods is compared and analyzed. The results show that the isolation layer deviation is small, which is helpful to protect the safety of the isolation layer and structure. Compared with the isolation measures, the viscous dampers have better adaptability and have better damping effect under four kinds of ground motions, especially in the control of the displacement angle between layers. In order to verify the accuracy of the calculation results, the theoretical values and the finite element values of the structural vibration mode and the ground vibration response are compared and analyzed. The results show that the theoretical values are similar to the finite element values, which prove the accuracy of the calculation results.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.12
，
本文编号：2213589
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