晋南乡宁县云丘山传统民居和石砌锢窑营造技艺研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 15:16

【摘要】：我国各地区传统民居和传统民居营造技艺是当地重要的文化遗产,也是数千年来当地劳动人民智慧和经验的体现。同时,对于现代文化的建设具有不可替代的作用。但是,随着现代社会和经济的不断发展,传统民居和传统民居营造技艺遭到的破坏也越来越严重。人们在追求新技术、新材料和新方法的过程中,却逐渐忽略了古老的传统技艺,忽略了工匠的传承问题,也忽略了它的文化建设价值。这使古老的传统民居和传统民居营造技艺处于极度的衰落之中,因此对传统民居和其营造技艺的研究紧迫而必要。本文通过对晋南乡宁县云丘山的传统民居和石砌锢窑营造技艺的实地调查、现场测绘、工匠走访等途径,将进行四个方面的研究。一是,对云丘山自然环境和历史文化的研究,深入了解当地的自然环境和文化背景,分析环境与村落、民居之间的内在联系;二是,对传统民居的研究,可获得大量的基础数据和基础资料,是本文研究的排头兵;三是,针对传统石砌锢窑民居营造技艺的研究,该部分由两条思维线组成,即营造的精神和技术。精神营造包括建造文化、习俗和禁忌。营造技术包括营造的流程和各个节点的关键技术解析;四是,对云丘山石砌锢窑营造技艺保护和传承的研究,通过对现状的分析,提出可行性实施方案。通过对以上内容的研究和分析,从而得出自然环境在云丘山传统村落和民居的形成过程中起着至关重要的作用,以及传统村落与民居在布局和建造中即体现出严谨性和科学性,也体现出乡土建筑的随意性,且这种严谨性和随意性会随着社会发展而不断的发生变化。这些研究为当地的文化建设树立积极的向上的影响,也为当地传统民居和石砌窑洞的修缮和保护提供理论依据。同时,针对民众对传统民居认识的表面化,加强对当地民居的研究,可以提升民众对当地传统民居认识的系统性和科学性。也只有民众对传统民居有了科学的系统的认识,才能更有利于传统民居保护和修缮工作的发展和展开。
[Abstract]:The traditional residence and traditional residence construction technique in various regions of China is an important cultural heritage of the local people, and it is also the embodiment of the wisdom and experience of the local working people in the past several thousand years. At the same time, the construction of modern culture has an irreplaceable role. However, with the development of modern society and economy, the destruction of traditional residence and traditional residence is becoming more and more serious. In the process of pursuing new technology, new materials and new methods, people neglect the ancient traditional techniques, the inheritance of craftsmen, and the value of cultural construction. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to study the traditional houses and their construction skills. In this paper, through the field investigation of the traditional residence in Yunqiu Mountain of Xiangning County, South Shanxi Province and the construction technique of stone block kiln, the way of field surveying and mapping, and the visit of craftsmen will be carried out in four aspects. First, to study the natural environment and historical culture of Yunqiu Mountain, to deeply understand the local natural environment and cultural background, and to analyze the internal relations between the environment, villages and houses; second, to study the traditional folk houses. A great deal of basic data and basic data can be obtained, which is the vanguard of this paper. Third, the research on the traditional building technique of stone kiln is composed of two thought lines, that is, the spirit and technology of construction. Spiritual construction includes the construction of culture, customs and taboos. The construction technology includes the construction process and the key technology analysis of each node. Fourthly, through the analysis of the present situation, the feasible implementation scheme is put forward for the research on the protection and inheritance of the construction technology of the Yunqiu Mountain stone block kiln. Through the research and analysis of the above contents, it is concluded that the natural environment plays an important role in the formation of the traditional villages and houses in Yunqiu Mountain, and the layout and construction of the traditional villages and houses reflect the rigor and scientificity. It also reflects the randomness of local architecture, and this rigor and arbitrariness will constantly change with the development of society. These studies provide a theoretical basis for the renovation and protection of local traditional houses and stone caves. At the same time, strengthening the research on the local houses can enhance the systematicness and scientificalness of the people's understanding of the local traditional houses. Only when the people have a scientific and systematic understanding of the traditional houses, can they be more conducive to the development and development of the protection and repair work of the traditional houses.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241.5;TU754

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