基于关键链技术的火电建设项目进度管理研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 18:21

【摘要】：近年来,我国经济保持呈持续、稳定的发展态势,在这种背景下,我国的工业用电量和全社会总用电量快速增长。由于我国煤炭资源储量丰富,并且火力发电是目前技术最成熟的一种发电技术。因此,火力发电是解决我国当前用电需求巨大与供电紧缺之间矛盾的最有效方式之一。近年来,我国火电装机容量日益增长,但是由于火电建设项目属于资金密集型项目,初期投资巨大,建设周期长且过程复杂,传统的项目管理方式已经无法满足这类项目的实践需要。然而,国内的许多电力企业由于缺乏先进的管理技术与专业管理人才,因此仍采用传统的建设项目管理方式来对火电建设项目进行管理,这会导致建设周期被拉长,工程质量不合格,进而造成巨大的资源浪费。研究适合火电建设项目的管理方法、管理模式、管理技术,培养专业管理人才已成为当前推动火电发展的一个刻不容缓的任务。在项目实施之前,制定科学合理的项目计划是决定项目是否能成功的关键因素,传统的项目计划制定方法已经无法反映现阶段火电项目的实际情况,因此,通过科学的研究,并结合相关的实证分析,提出一种适应当前火电建设项目的进度管理模式,对于指导火电建设项目的顺利实施是十分必要的。项目进度管理的传统工具存在缺陷,如部分方法忽略了项目建设过程中人的作用,另有一些方法只注重局部控制而忽视整体效果,这使得在实施过程中,使用传统的项目管理方式往往会导致结果远远偏离初期计划,比如工期延长,预算超支,设备及零件的采购不及时,施工机械不能及时到位,不同施工单位之间争夺资源,工程质量不合格,工程与初期设计不相符等等问题。关键链项目管理方法即是一种考虑约束的项目管理方法。为了解如何将关键链应用到工程项目中,以有效指导项目实施,论文深入了解了关键链进度管理理论的基本理论与思想,并分析了其中的三个模块:进度计划、进度控制,以及缓冲区管理。论文的研究利用了另一种可用于估计缓冲区大小和项目工期有效方法,即灰色理论模型中的白化权函数法,结合这种方法研究了缓冲区在项目计划与进度控制综合应用中的作用,并进行了评价。同时利用项目进度动态监测,将项目进度和缓冲区进行监控,并进行进度调整,确保项目按照计划执行。论文介绍了关键链理论及项目管理领域已有的相关知识,补充了缓冲区管理的使用方法,整合形成火电建设项目进度管理模型,并进行了实证分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's economy has maintained a sustained and stable trend of development. Under this background, China's industrial electricity consumption and the total power consumption of the whole society have increased rapidly. Because of the rich reserves of coal in China, thermal power generation is the most mature power generation technology. Therefore, thermal power generation is one of the most effective ways to solve the contradiction between the huge demand and the shortage of power supply. In recent years, the installed capacity of thermal power in China is increasing day by day. However, because thermal power construction projects are capital-intensive projects, the initial investment is huge, the construction cycle is long and the process is complex. Traditional project management can not meet the practical needs of such projects. However, due to the lack of advanced management technology and professional management personnel, many domestic power enterprises still use the traditional construction project management method to manage thermal power construction projects, which will lead to a long construction cycle. The quality of the project is not up to standard, resulting in a huge waste of resources. It has become an urgent task to study the management methods, management models, management techniques and training of professional management personnel suitable for thermal power construction projects in order to promote the development of thermal power plants. Before the implementation of the project, making a scientific and reasonable project plan is the key factor to determine the success of the project. The traditional project planning method can no longer reflect the actual situation of the thermal power project at this stage, therefore, through scientific research, Based on the relevant empirical analysis, this paper puts forward a schedule management model to adapt to the current thermal power construction project, which is very necessary to guide the smooth implementation of the thermal power construction project. There are some defects in the traditional tools of project schedule management, such as some methods ignore the role of people in the process of project construction, others only pay attention to local control and ignore the overall effect, which makes the implementation process, The use of the traditional project management method often leads to the result deviating from the initial plan, such as the extension of the construction period, the budget overrun, the untimely purchase of equipment and parts, the failure of the construction machinery to be in place in time, and the competition for resources among different construction units. The quality of the project is not up to standard, the project does not match with the initial design and so on. The key chain project management method is a project management method considering constraints. In order to understand how to apply the key chain to the project and guide the implementation of the project effectively, the paper deeply understood the basic theory and thought of the key chain schedule management theory, and analyzed the three modules: schedule planning, schedule control, and so on. And buffer management. In this paper, another effective method for estimating buffer size and project duration is used, that is, whitening weight function method in grey theory model. Combined with this method, the role of buffer zone in the integrated application of project planning and schedule control is studied and evaluated. At the same time, the project progress and buffer are monitored by dynamic monitoring of the project progress, and the schedule is adjusted to ensure the project is carried out according to the plan. This paper introduces the theory of key chain and the related knowledge of project management, complements the use of buffer zone management, integrates to form the schedule management model of thermal power construction project, and makes an empirical analysis.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61;TU722

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