影响成都地区住宅建筑能耗的相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-09-09 13:15

【摘要】：随着国民经济的快速发展,城市化进程的加快,能源需求将持续增高。住宅建筑空调采暖能耗是建筑能耗的重要组成部分,因此我们有必要了解现阶段我国住宅建筑节能发展现状,并针对住宅建筑能耗特点,提出切实有效的节能策略。本文主要从提高围护结构性能方面分析并提出实现成都地区住宅建筑节能65%的技术措施。本论文以成都地区住宅建筑为研究对象,对国内外建筑节能发展历程及现状进行系统回顾和分析,总结现阶段国内外建筑节能工作差异。然后根据相关文献及专业知识,总结九个对住宅建筑空调采暖能耗影响较大的因素作为研究重点,分别是建筑朝向、4个不同方向窗墙比、外窗类型、外墙类型、建筑遮阳及新风指标。文中详细论述了这些因素对建筑能耗及居民室内舒适性的影响。以成都地区典型住宅建筑为模型,利用建筑能耗模拟软件Designbuilder,模拟计算了上述9个因素单一变化时对建筑能耗的影响,并且提出不同因素在成都地区的合适取值。根据单因素分析结果,对影响建筑能耗的相关因素进行水平取值,采用正交试验设计与建筑能耗模拟相结合的方法分析上述因素对建筑能耗显著性作用大小,试验方案确定了 27种工况,研究表明,外窗类型、外墙类型、北向窗墙比、南向窗墙比、西向窗墙比及建筑朝向对建筑全年空调采暖能耗具有显著性作用,确定了外窗类型及外墙传热系数是影响住宅建筑能耗的主要因素。利用SPSS数据分析软件对正交试验方案的模拟结果进行多元线性回归分析,得到成都地区住宅建筑能耗指标预测模型,该模型可用于一定条件下成都住宅建筑能耗概算。最后通过设计方案分析,在成都住宅建筑节能50%的基础上,通过减小外墙传热系数,采用镀膜中空玻璃外窗及限制空调设备能效比三方面综合作用可以实现住宅建筑节能65%。且针对不同采暖空调需求的住宅建筑,提出了不同的外窗节能改造方案,通过外窗节能改造,配合能效比提高,基本可以使得建筑能耗相比改造前降低30%以上。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy and the acceleration of urbanization, energy demand will continue to increase. The heating energy consumption of residential air conditioning is an important part of building energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the present situation of energy saving in residential buildings in our country, and to put forward effective energy-saving strategies according to the characteristics of energy consumption in residential buildings. This paper analyzes and puts forward the technical measures to realize the energy saving of residential buildings in Chengdu area by 65% from the aspect of improving the performance of enclosure structure. This paper takes the residential buildings in Chengdu area as the research object, systematically reviews and analyzes the development history and present situation of building energy conservation at home and abroad, and summarizes the differences in building energy conservation work at home and abroad at the present stage. Then, according to the relevant literature and professional knowledge, the author summarizes nine factors that have a great influence on the heating energy consumption of residential air conditioning, which are respectively the building orientation, four different direction window wall ratio, the type of outer window, the type of exterior wall, and so on. Building sunshade and new wind index. The influence of these factors on building energy consumption and indoor comfort is discussed in detail. Based on the model of typical residential buildings in Chengdu area, the influence of 9 factors on building energy consumption is simulated and calculated by building energy consumption simulation software Designbuilder, and the appropriate values of different factors in Chengdu area are put forward. According to the results of single factor analysis, the related factors affecting building energy consumption are horizontally selected, and the significance of the above factors to building energy consumption is analyzed by the method of combining orthogonal test design with building energy consumption simulation. 27 working conditions are determined in the test scheme. The results show that the type of outer window, the type of exterior wall, the ratio of north window to wall, the ratio of south window to wall, the ratio of west window to wall and building orientation have significant effects on the annual energy consumption of air conditioning and heating. The type of exterior window and the heat transfer coefficient of exterior wall are the main factors affecting the energy consumption of residential buildings. The multivariate linear regression analysis of the simulation results of orthogonal test scheme is carried out by using SPSS data analysis software, and a prediction model of energy consumption index of residential buildings in Chengdu area is obtained. The model can be used to estimate the energy consumption of residential buildings in Chengdu under certain conditions. Finally, through the analysis of design scheme, on the basis of 50% energy saving of residential buildings in Chengdu, by reducing the heat transfer coefficient of exterior wall, adopting the comprehensive action of coated hollow glass window and limiting the energy efficiency ratio of air conditioning equipment, the energy saving 65% of residential buildings can be realized. According to the residential buildings with different heating and air conditioning requirements, the paper puts forward different retrofit schemes for energy saving of outer windows. Through the energy saving transformation of outer windows, the energy efficiency ratio can be improved, and the energy consumption of buildings can be reduced by more than 30% compared with that before retrofit.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU111.195

【参考文献】