城镇化进程中苏州城市扩张过程及其对降水规律影响研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 13:58

【摘要】：快速城镇化进程中城市下垫面发生显著变化,其中以城市不透水面快速增加最为显著,下垫面的变化又将进一步影响城市降水。采用光谱混合分析(SMA)方法提取苏州市1995-2010年间苏州市城市不透水面信息,分析苏州城市扩张过程,并基于城市不透水面扩张选取受城市扩张影响大和受城市扩张影响小的苏州站和洞庭西山站分析1979-2013年年降水量和极值降水量变化规律。研究结果表明,苏州市2000年前城市扩张速度缓慢,2000年以后城市扩张十分迅速,扩张的范围随着经济的快速发展而逐渐增大。城市快速扩张过程中降水也发生了显著的变化,2000年之前,洞庭西山占年降水量显著高于苏州站,但2000年以后,苏州站年降水量越来越接近于洞庭西山站,两站年降水量差距减小。同时,2000年之前苏州站极值降水量均值均小于洞庭西山站,而2000年后苏州站1 d、3 d最大降水量均值超过了洞庭西山站,且两个站点在这两个时间段7 d极值降水量均值差距也显著缩小。
[Abstract]:In the process of rapid urbanization, the urban underlying surface changes significantly, among which the urban impervious surface increases most significantly, and the change of the underlying surface will further affect the urban precipitation. The (SMA) method of spectral mixing analysis was used to extract the information of impermeable surface in Suzhou from 1995 to 2010, and the process of urban expansion in Suzhou was analyzed. Based on the urban impermeable surface expansion, Suzhou station and Dongting Xishan station, which are mainly affected by urban expansion and small by urban expansion, are selected to analyze the variation of annual precipitation and extreme precipitation in 1979-2013. The results show that the speed of urban expansion in Suzhou was slow before 2000, and that after 2000, the urban expansion was very rapid, and the scope of urban expansion gradually increased with the rapid development of economy. During the rapid urban expansion, the precipitation also changed significantly. Before 2000, the annual precipitation of Dongting West Mountain was significantly higher than that of Suzhou Station, but after 2000, the annual precipitation of Suzhou Station was more and more close to that of Dongting West Mountain Station. The annual precipitation gap between the two stations decreased. At the same time, before 2000, the mean maximum precipitation of Suzhou station was smaller than that of Dongting Xishan station, and the maximum precipitation value of Suzhou station exceeded that of Dongting Xishan station after 2000, and the maximum precipitation value of Suzhou station exceeded that of Dongting Xishan station after 2000. And the difference between the two stations in the mean value of the maximum precipitation of 7 days in these two time periods is also reduced significantly.
【作者单位】：南京水利科学研究院;南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51509157,51409161) 水利部公益性行业科研专项(201501014) 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20140080) 中国工程院重大咨询研究项目(2015-ZD-07-05-03)
【分类号】：F299.27;TU992.02

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