阻尼填充墙平面外受力性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-21 07:37
【摘要】：近年来的震害表明,填充墙平面外的破坏而失稳倒塌的现象突出,给建筑物内人员与财产安全造成较大的危害。阻尼填充墙是一种具有自主知识产权的新型减震墙,其平面内方向具有优越的减震性能,从根本上解决了普通填充墙的常见震害问题。由于阻尼填充墙的构造独特,与普通填充墙有较大区别,对阻尼填充墙平面外受力性能的分析不能简单套用普通填充墙已有的研究成果。本文通过有限元精细化模拟分析与理论分析相结合的研究方法,针对阻尼填充墙各主要组成构件的受力与变形特点、阻尼填充墙框架的平面外受力性能、工作过程与机制的分类、变形模式的类型、设计参数对阻尼填充墙平面外受力性能的影响及其规律、阻尼填充墙平面外简化力学模型等进行了研究,主要的工作和结论如下:(1)基于课题组前期设计的普通填充墙与阻尼填充墙试验试件,设计了普通填充墙与阻尼填充墙两个有限元模型并对其进行平面外单调静力加载,对比分析了普通填充墙与阻尼填充墙各构件的响应,研究了阻尼填充墙平面外的变形模式、承载能力、刚度特性,总结了阻尼填充墙平面外工作过程,揭示了阻尼填充墙的平面外工作机制,结果表明:1)平面外荷载作用下,阻尼填充墙出平面侧移量集中于中间两层阻尼层,从墙侧看阻尼填充墙形成区别于普通填充墙的“三折线”变形模式;2)阻尼填充墙平面外工作机制区别于普通填充墙双向拱承载机制,具体表现为:竖直方向为拱承载机制,水平方向为砌体单元与拉结筋协同工作的工作机制;3)混凝土框架作为砌体单元的边界约束,其顶梁受砌体单元抵紧的作用处于弯剪扭状态,梁柱节点区域进入塑性的程度较其他部位高,但整体上处于完好或轻微损伤的性能状态;4)拉结筋既加强了阻尼填充墙砌体单元-混凝土框架的相互接触作用,同时提高了阻尼填充墙平面外的稳定性与安全储备;5)在平面外受力过程中,顶层、底层砌体单元与其相邻的混凝土框架梁之间的相对滑移现象显著降低了阻尼填充墙平面外承载能力及其刚度。加强砌体单元与顶梁、底梁间的相互作用是保证阻尼填充墙平面外性能的关键。(2)针对不同砌体单元-混凝土框架接触界面的约束程度,设计了 20个有限元模型,分析了不同阻尼层剪切强度、柔性端填充物弹性模量对阻尼填充墙框架平面外受力性能的影响,基于分析结果,对阻尼填充墙框架平面外工作过程、变形模式与工作机制进行分类与归纳。结果表明:1)阻尼填充墙的平面外工作机制可根据竖直向以及水平向拱承载机制的形成情况分为六种类型;可根据砌体单元-框架梁间的抵紧情况将出平面变形分为三种类型;2)阻尼填充墙的平面外变形模式只受砌体单元-框架梁间阻尼层剪切强度影响;阻尼填充墙水平或竖直方向的平面外承载机制无耦联效应;3)与提高柔性端填充物弹性模量相比,提高阻尼层剪切强度将更有效地提高阻尼填充墙平面外承载能力与平面外抗侧刚度。当采用低强度砂浆作为阻尼层时,建议采用抗压强度平均值大于1.2MPa的砂浆作为阻尼层。4)水平、竖直方向均形成拱承载机制,与拉结筋-砌体单元协同工作机制共同作用的阻尼填充墙平面外工作机制具有抵御9度罕遇地震的承载能力,柔性端建议采用M1.5砂浆或弹性模量≥1.5MPa的填充物进行填充。(3)基于阻尼层剪切强度μ0.2,柔性端填充物弹性模量E≥0.5MPa的阻尼填充墙模型,设计了 4组共20个有限元模型,分析了不同的砌体抗压强度平均值、高厚比、拉结筋强度、轴压比对阻尼填充墙各构件的响应与阻尼填充墙框架的平面外受力性能的影响及其规律,结果表明:1)砌体抗压强度平均值的增加减轻了砌体单元进入塑性的程度,提高了阻尼填充墙平面外承载能力与初始刚度,可较好地控制阻尼填充墙平面外变形,降低了峰值荷载后平面外荷载下降的速度,增加了大位移下阻尼填充墙保持承载力的能力;2)高厚比的增加减轻了砌体单元与混凝土框架进入塑性的程度,降低了阻尼填充墙平面外承载能力与刚度,不利于阻尼填充墙平面外稳定性及安全,在满足建筑功能需求的前提下,阻尼填充墙砌体单元的厚度宜大于120mm; 3)各砌体单元内设置的通长拉结筋是阻尼填充墙平面外工作机制的重要环节之一,更高强度的拉结筋可降低峰值荷载后阻尼填充墙平面外荷载的下降速度,提高阻尼填充墙在大位移下保持承载力的能力,增加安全储备,设计时阻尼填充墙拉结筋建议采用屈服强度标准值大于300MPa,直径大于8mm的钢筋;4)轴压比的增加加强了混凝土框架对砌体单元的约束,提高了阻尼填充墙的承载能力与初始刚度,同时改变了混凝土框架自身的受力特点,减轻了混凝土框架底部梁柱节点进入塑性的程度。(4)对已有的有限元分析结果进行归纳与总结,揭示了阻尼填充墙平面外的工作机理,建立了均布荷载作用下阻尼填充墙平面外的简化力学模型,并对该模型的合理性进行验证,结果表明:1)均布荷载下仅考虑阻尼填充墙竖直向拱承载机而忽略水平向拱承载机制与拉结筋作用是偏于保守的;2)当阻尼填充墙的平面外工作机制为竖直方向拱承载机制,水平方向拱承载机制、拉结筋与砌体单元协同工作的机制时,阻尼填充墙平面外工作机理稳定,与设计参数的变化、平面外荷载类型无关;3)平面外简化力学模型的物理意义明确,可较好体现阻尼填充墙平面外的宏观力学性能,具有较好的模拟效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the earthquake damage shows that the collapse caused by the destruction of the plane of the filling wall and the collapse of the collapse caused great harm to the safety of people and property in the building. The damping filling wall is a new kind of shock-absorbing wall with independent intellectual property, which has excellent shock-absorbing performance in the plane direction, and fundamentally solves the common earthquake damage problem of ordinary filling wall. Because the structure of the damping filling wall is unique, it is different from the ordinary filling wall, and the analysis of the external stress performance of the damping filling wall can not simply apply the existing research results of the ordinary filling wall. In this paper, by means of finite element refined simulation analysis and theoretical analysis, the stress and deformation characteristics of the main constituent members of the damping filling wall, the external stress performance of the damping filler wall frame, the classification of the working process and the mechanism, the type of the deformation mode, The influence of the design parameters on the external force performance of the damping filling wall and its laws are studied. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) Based on the ordinary filling wall and the damping filling wall test piece designed by the previous project team, In this paper, two finite element models of ordinary filling wall and damping filling wall are designed, and the static loading on the surface is carried out. In contrast, the response of ordinary filling wall and damping filling wall is analyzed, and the deformation mode, bearing capacity and rigidity characteristic of the damping filling wall plane are studied. The external working process of damping filling wall is summarized, and the external working mechanism of damping filling wall is revealed. The results show that, under the action of plane external load, the displacement of the plane side of the damping filling wall is concentrated in the middle layer of damping layer. From the wall side, the damping filling wall is formed to be different from the ordinary filling wall "Three-fold line" and 2) the outer working mechanism of the damping filling wall plane is distinguished from the common filling wall two-way arch bearing mechanism, which is characterized in that the vertical direction is an arch bearing mechanism, and the horizontal direction is a working mechanism of the masonry unit and the pulling knot bar to work together; 3) The concrete frame is bound by the boundary of the masonry unit, and the top beam of the concrete frame is under the bending and torsion state by the abutting of the masonry unit, and the degree of entering plasticity of the beam column node area is higher than that of other parts, but is in good condition or slight damage on the whole; 4) the pulling knot bar not only strengthens the mutual contact between the damping filling wall masonry unit and the concrete frame, but also improves the stability and safety reserve outside the plane of the damping filling wall; 5) the top layer, The relative slip between the bottom masonry unit and its adjacent concrete frame beam significantly reduces the load bearing capacity and stiffness of the damping filler wall plane. Strengthening the interaction between the masonry unit and the top beam and the bottom beam is the key to ensure the external performance of the damping filling wall. (2) According to the constraint degree of the contact interface between different masonry units and concrete frames, 20 finite element models were designed, and the effects of shear strength of different damping layers and elastic modulus of flexible end filler on the mechanical properties of damping filler wall framework were analyzed. Based on the results of analysis, The external working process, deformation mode and working mechanism of the damping filling wall frame are classified and summarized. The results show that: 1) the plane external working mechanism of the damping filling wall can be divided into six types according to the vertical direction and the formation of horizontal arch bearing mechanism, and the plane deformation can be divided into three types according to the contact between the masonry unit and the frame beam; 2) the plane external deformation mode of the damping filling wall is influenced only by the shear strength of the damping layer between the masonry units and the frame beams, Increasing the shear strength of the damping layer will more effectively improve the outer bearing capacity of the damping filler wall and the lateral stiffness of the plane. When low-strength mortar is used as the damping layer, it is suggested to adopt mortar with an average compressive strength of more than 1. 2MPa as the damping layer. The outer working mechanism of the damping filling wall, which works together with the working mechanism of the pull-knot bar-masonry unit, has the bearing capacity to resist the earthquake of 9 degrees, and the flexible end is suggested to be filled with a filler of M1. 5 mortar or an elastic modulus of less than 1. 5MPa. (3) 4 sets of 20 finite element models are designed based on the damping filling wall model of damping layer shear strength... The influence of the shaft pressure ratio on the response of each member of the damping filling wall and the plane external force performance of the damping filling wall frame and its law are studied. The results show that: 1) the increase of the average value of the compressive strength of the masonry reduces the degree of entering plasticity of the masonry unit, the external load carrying capacity and the initial rigidity of the damping filling wall are improved, the external deformation of the damping filling wall can be better controlled, the speed of lowering the outer load after the peak load is reduced, and the capacity of the damping filling wall under the large displacement to maintain the bearing capacity is increased; 2) the increase of the high-thickness ratio reduces the degree of entering plasticity of the masonry unit and the concrete frame, reduces the outer bearing capacity and the rigidity of the damping-filled wall plane, is unfavorable for the external stability and the safety of the damping-filled wall plane, The thickness of the damping filling wall masonry unit is preferably greater than 120mm; 3) the long tensile knot bar arranged in each masonry unit is one of the important links of the damping filling wall plane external working mechanism, and the higher-strength tensile knot bar can reduce the descending speed of the external load of the damping filling wall after the peak load, the capacity of the damping filling wall to maintain the bearing capacity under the large displacement is improved, the safety reserve is increased, the damping filling wall pulling knot bar in the design is designed to adopt reinforcing steel with a yield strength standard value of more than 300MPa and the diameter of more than 8mm, the constraint of the concrete frame to the masonry unit is strengthened by the increase of the shaft pressure ratio, the bearing capacity and initial rigidity of the damping filling wall are improved, the stress characteristic of the concrete frame itself is changed, and the degree of entering plasticity of the beam column node at the bottom of the concrete frame is reduced. (4) Summarizes the existing finite element analysis results, reveals the working mechanism outside the plane of the damping filling wall, establishes the simplified mechanical model outside the plane of the damping filling wall under the uniform cloth load, and verifies the rationality of the model, and the results show that: 1) only considering that the damping filling wall is vertical to the arch bearing machine under the uniform load, the action of the horizontal arch bearing mechanism and the pulling knot bar is conservative; 2) when the plane external working mechanism of the damping filling wall is the vertical arch bearing mechanism and the horizontal direction arch bearing mechanism, In the mechanism of working together with the masonry unit, the working mechanism of the damping filling wall is stable, the change of the design parameters and the outside load type of the plane are independent of the design parameters; 3) the physical meaning of the plane external simplified mechanical model is clear, can better reflect the macroscopic mechanical property outside the plane of the damping filling wall, and has better simulation effect.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU31
[Abstract]:In recent years, the earthquake damage shows that the collapse caused by the destruction of the plane of the filling wall and the collapse of the collapse caused great harm to the safety of people and property in the building. The damping filling wall is a new kind of shock-absorbing wall with independent intellectual property, which has excellent shock-absorbing performance in the plane direction, and fundamentally solves the common earthquake damage problem of ordinary filling wall. Because the structure of the damping filling wall is unique, it is different from the ordinary filling wall, and the analysis of the external stress performance of the damping filling wall can not simply apply the existing research results of the ordinary filling wall. In this paper, by means of finite element refined simulation analysis and theoretical analysis, the stress and deformation characteristics of the main constituent members of the damping filling wall, the external stress performance of the damping filler wall frame, the classification of the working process and the mechanism, the type of the deformation mode, The influence of the design parameters on the external force performance of the damping filling wall and its laws are studied. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) Based on the ordinary filling wall and the damping filling wall test piece designed by the previous project team, In this paper, two finite element models of ordinary filling wall and damping filling wall are designed, and the static loading on the surface is carried out. In contrast, the response of ordinary filling wall and damping filling wall is analyzed, and the deformation mode, bearing capacity and rigidity characteristic of the damping filling wall plane are studied. The external working process of damping filling wall is summarized, and the external working mechanism of damping filling wall is revealed. The results show that, under the action of plane external load, the displacement of the plane side of the damping filling wall is concentrated in the middle layer of damping layer. From the wall side, the damping filling wall is formed to be different from the ordinary filling wall "Three-fold line" and 2) the outer working mechanism of the damping filling wall plane is distinguished from the common filling wall two-way arch bearing mechanism, which is characterized in that the vertical direction is an arch bearing mechanism, and the horizontal direction is a working mechanism of the masonry unit and the pulling knot bar to work together; 3) The concrete frame is bound by the boundary of the masonry unit, and the top beam of the concrete frame is under the bending and torsion state by the abutting of the masonry unit, and the degree of entering plasticity of the beam column node area is higher than that of other parts, but is in good condition or slight damage on the whole; 4) the pulling knot bar not only strengthens the mutual contact between the damping filling wall masonry unit and the concrete frame, but also improves the stability and safety reserve outside the plane of the damping filling wall; 5) the top layer, The relative slip between the bottom masonry unit and its adjacent concrete frame beam significantly reduces the load bearing capacity and stiffness of the damping filler wall plane. Strengthening the interaction between the masonry unit and the top beam and the bottom beam is the key to ensure the external performance of the damping filling wall. (2) According to the constraint degree of the contact interface between different masonry units and concrete frames, 20 finite element models were designed, and the effects of shear strength of different damping layers and elastic modulus of flexible end filler on the mechanical properties of damping filler wall framework were analyzed. Based on the results of analysis, The external working process, deformation mode and working mechanism of the damping filling wall frame are classified and summarized. The results show that: 1) the plane external working mechanism of the damping filling wall can be divided into six types according to the vertical direction and the formation of horizontal arch bearing mechanism, and the plane deformation can be divided into three types according to the contact between the masonry unit and the frame beam; 2) the plane external deformation mode of the damping filling wall is influenced only by the shear strength of the damping layer between the masonry units and the frame beams, Increasing the shear strength of the damping layer will more effectively improve the outer bearing capacity of the damping filler wall and the lateral stiffness of the plane. When low-strength mortar is used as the damping layer, it is suggested to adopt mortar with an average compressive strength of more than 1. 2MPa as the damping layer. The outer working mechanism of the damping filling wall, which works together with the working mechanism of the pull-knot bar-masonry unit, has the bearing capacity to resist the earthquake of 9 degrees, and the flexible end is suggested to be filled with a filler of M1. 5 mortar or an elastic modulus of less than 1. 5MPa. (3) 4 sets of 20 finite element models are designed based on the damping filling wall model of damping layer shear strength... The influence of the shaft pressure ratio on the response of each member of the damping filling wall and the plane external force performance of the damping filling wall frame and its law are studied. The results show that: 1) the increase of the average value of the compressive strength of the masonry reduces the degree of entering plasticity of the masonry unit, the external load carrying capacity and the initial rigidity of the damping filling wall are improved, the external deformation of the damping filling wall can be better controlled, the speed of lowering the outer load after the peak load is reduced, and the capacity of the damping filling wall under the large displacement to maintain the bearing capacity is increased; 2) the increase of the high-thickness ratio reduces the degree of entering plasticity of the masonry unit and the concrete frame, reduces the outer bearing capacity and the rigidity of the damping-filled wall plane, is unfavorable for the external stability and the safety of the damping-filled wall plane, The thickness of the damping filling wall masonry unit is preferably greater than 120mm; 3) the long tensile knot bar arranged in each masonry unit is one of the important links of the damping filling wall plane external working mechanism, and the higher-strength tensile knot bar can reduce the descending speed of the external load of the damping filling wall after the peak load, the capacity of the damping filling wall to maintain the bearing capacity under the large displacement is improved, the safety reserve is increased, the damping filling wall pulling knot bar in the design is designed to adopt reinforcing steel with a yield strength standard value of more than 300MPa and the diameter of more than 8mm, the constraint of the concrete frame to the masonry unit is strengthened by the increase of the shaft pressure ratio, the bearing capacity and initial rigidity of the damping filling wall are improved, the stress characteristic of the concrete frame itself is changed, and the degree of entering plasticity of the beam column node at the bottom of the concrete frame is reduced. (4) Summarizes the existing finite element analysis results, reveals the working mechanism outside the plane of the damping filling wall, establishes the simplified mechanical model outside the plane of the damping filling wall under the uniform cloth load, and verifies the rationality of the model, and the results show that: 1) only considering that the damping filling wall is vertical to the arch bearing machine under the uniform load, the action of the horizontal arch bearing mechanism and the pulling knot bar is conservative; 2) when the plane external working mechanism of the damping filling wall is the vertical arch bearing mechanism and the horizontal direction arch bearing mechanism, In the mechanism of working together with the masonry unit, the working mechanism of the damping filling wall is stable, the change of the design parameters and the outside load type of the plane are independent of the design parameters; 3) the physical meaning of the plane external simplified mechanical model is clear, can better reflect the macroscopic mechanical property outside the plane of the damping filling wall, and has better simulation effect.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU31
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