基于景观生态学理论的国土风景保护体系构建研究
发布时间：2018-11-17 18:43
【摘要】：中国的城市化进程随着经济与综合国力的突飞猛进而快速发展,国民生活质量日益提升,人们对于优质风景的需求越来越旺盛。我国不缺乏好的风景资源,但相比于西方发达国家,我国在国土层面的风景保护战略与体系存在缺失。主管部门数量较多、管理混乱、权责不明;以经济发展为导向且缺乏统筹规划的旅游风景区建设使大量的优质景观被过度开发,生态环境遭到破坏;单体景区彼此间缺乏有机连接,“孤岛效应”日益凸显等等……这些都成为我国经济社会可持续发展与生态文明建设过程中亟待解决的问题。同时,一国的风景保护体系不仅应关注风景保护地的总量,更应关注其空间形态和空间关系。本文通过文献研究、GIS应用、定性定量分析等研究方法,针对于我国目前风景保护存在的空间破碎化、精英景观单体与自然背景相分离等问题,分析构建基于景观生态学理论的国土风景保护体系:第一,是以具有杰出价值的自然精英景观与文化精英景观为主体的“斑块”元素保护。利用3302个精英景观单位的空间分布,分析得出34个精英景观区。第二,是以文化景观廊道为主体的“廊道”线性元素保护。分析30个国家级景观廊道资源,加权选取13个廊道与8个重要节点。同时将精英景观区串联,使其与廊道构成一个完整的、网络化的国土景观生态格局。第三是以文化景观特征分区为主体的“基质”元素保护,以5大分区为主体,(?)包含16个地区和31个副区的三级分区体系。要点是将日常景观作为宏观生态系统的背景进行整体质量的控制和管理。最后从管理制度、机构设置、立法保障、区域整合、运营模式和维护机制等六个方面提供政策实施层面的建议。根据景观生态学中“斑块—廊道—基质”理论,构建以“胡焕庸线”为界,以西部大型自然保护区斑块、东部精英景观跳板、景观廊道、文化景观特征分区为要素的国土风景保护体系空间格局,希望能为我国国土风景保护理论与实践提供相关参考与建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and comprehensive national strength, the quality of people's life is improving day by day, and people's demand for high-quality scenery is more and more vigorous. Our country is not short of good landscape resources, but compared with the western developed countries, there is a lack of landscape protection strategy and system at the land level in our country. The number of departments in charge is large, the management is confused, the rights and responsibilities are not clear, and the construction of tourist scenic spots, which is guided by economic development and lacks of overall planning, causes a large number of high-quality landscapes to be overdeveloped and the ecological environment destroyed; The single scenic spot lacks organic connection between each other, "isolated island effect" increasingly prominent and so on. These are the problems to be solved in the process of sustainable economic and social development and ecological civilization construction in China. At the same time, the national landscape protection system should not only pay attention to the total amount of landscape protection, but also pay attention to its spatial form and spatial relationship. Through literature research, GIS application, qualitative and quantitative analysis and other research methods, this paper aims at the problems of space fragmentation, separation of elite landscape monomer from natural background, and so on. This paper analyzes and constructs the land landscape protection system based on the landscape ecology theory. Firstly, it is the "patch" element protection with the outstanding natural elite landscape and the cultural elite landscape as the main body. Using the spatial distribution of 3302 elite landscape units, 34 elite landscape areas were obtained. Secondly, the "corridor" linear element protection with cultural landscape corridor as the main body. Thirty national landscape corridor resources were analyzed, and 13 corridors and 8 important nodes were selected. At the same time, the elite landscape area is connected to the corridor to form a complete and networked landscape ecological pattern. The third is the "matrix" element protection with the cultural landscape characteristic partition as the main body, taking the 5 big districts as the main body, (?) It consists of 16 regions and 31 sub-districts. The main point is to take the daily landscape as the background of the macro ecosystem for overall quality control and management. Finally, it provides suggestions on policy implementation from six aspects: management system, institutional setting, legislative guarantee, regional integration, operation mode and maintenance mechanism. According to the theory of "patch, corridor and matrix" in landscape ecology, this paper constructs a landscape corridor with "Hu Huanyong line" as the boundary, patches in western large nature reserves, the eastern elite landscape springboard and landscape corridor. It is hoped that the spatial pattern of the land landscape protection system based on the cultural landscape feature zonation can provide relevant references and suggestions for the theory and practice of land and landscape protection in China.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.18
本文编号：2338723
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and comprehensive national strength, the quality of people's life is improving day by day, and people's demand for high-quality scenery is more and more vigorous. Our country is not short of good landscape resources, but compared with the western developed countries, there is a lack of landscape protection strategy and system at the land level in our country. The number of departments in charge is large, the management is confused, the rights and responsibilities are not clear, and the construction of tourist scenic spots, which is guided by economic development and lacks of overall planning, causes a large number of high-quality landscapes to be overdeveloped and the ecological environment destroyed; The single scenic spot lacks organic connection between each other, "isolated island effect" increasingly prominent and so on. These are the problems to be solved in the process of sustainable economic and social development and ecological civilization construction in China. At the same time, the national landscape protection system should not only pay attention to the total amount of landscape protection, but also pay attention to its spatial form and spatial relationship. Through literature research, GIS application, qualitative and quantitative analysis and other research methods, this paper aims at the problems of space fragmentation, separation of elite landscape monomer from natural background, and so on. This paper analyzes and constructs the land landscape protection system based on the landscape ecology theory. Firstly, it is the "patch" element protection with the outstanding natural elite landscape and the cultural elite landscape as the main body. Using the spatial distribution of 3302 elite landscape units, 34 elite landscape areas were obtained. Secondly, the "corridor" linear element protection with cultural landscape corridor as the main body. Thirty national landscape corridor resources were analyzed, and 13 corridors and 8 important nodes were selected. At the same time, the elite landscape area is connected to the corridor to form a complete and networked landscape ecological pattern. The third is the "matrix" element protection with the cultural landscape characteristic partition as the main body, taking the 5 big districts as the main body, (?) It consists of 16 regions and 31 sub-districts. The main point is to take the daily landscape as the background of the macro ecosystem for overall quality control and management. Finally, it provides suggestions on policy implementation from six aspects: management system, institutional setting, legislative guarantee, regional integration, operation mode and maintenance mechanism. According to the theory of "patch, corridor and matrix" in landscape ecology, this paper constructs a landscape corridor with "Hu Huanyong line" as the boundary, patches in western large nature reserves, the eastern elite landscape springboard and landscape corridor. It is hoped that the spatial pattern of the land landscape protection system based on the cultural landscape feature zonation can provide relevant references and suggestions for the theory and practice of land and landscape protection in China.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.18
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 王向荣;;自然与文化视野下的中国国土景观多样性[J];中国园林;2016年09期
2 赵智聪;彭琳;杨锐;;国家公园体制建设背景下中国自然保护地体系的重构[J];中国园林;2016年07期
3 束晨阳;;论中国的国家公园与保护地体系建设问题[J];中国园林;2016年07期
4 徐凌云;王云才;;基于遗产廊道网络构建的景观风貌保护规划探索[J];中国城市林业;2016年03期
5 张定青;王海荣;曹象明;;我国遗产廊道研究进展[J];城市发展研究;2016年05期
6 张振威;杨锐;;中国国家公园与自然保护地立法若干问题探讨[J];中国园林;2016年02期
7 孙华;;论线性遗产的不同类型[J];遗产与保护研究;2016年01期
8 陈冰;朱彦鹏;罗建武;靳勇超;辛利娟;王伟;;云南省国家级自然保护区与其他类型保护地关系分析[J];生态经济;2015年12期
9 李振鹏;;国家风景名胜区制度与国家公园体制对比研究及相关问题探讨[J];风景园林;2015年11期
10 刘红纯;;世界主要国家国家公园立法和管理启示[J];中国园林;2015年11期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 罗金华;中国国家公园设置及其标准研究[D];福建师范大学;2013年
相关硕士学位论文 前6条
1 王聪聪;基于适宜性分析的普洱“茶马古道”遗产廊道网络构建研究[D];云南大学;2015年
2 郭伟乐;我国国家公园体系构建及发展模式的研究[D];河南农业大学;2015年
3 丁思思;基于斑块一廊道理论的城市历史文化景观网络构建研究[D];浙江大学;2012年
4 吴保光;美国国家公园体系的起源及其形成[D];厦门大学;2009年
5 梁诗捷;美国保护地体系研究[D];同济大学;2008年
6 李如生;美国国家公园与中国风景名胜区比较研究[D];北京林业大学;2005年
，本文编号：2338723
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jianzhugongchenglunwen/2338723.html
