北方寒冷地区公共建筑形体被动式设计研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 13:50

【摘要】：随着可持续发展理论的提出,人们逐渐认识到建筑与气候密切相关。建筑是人类适应气候的庇护所,建筑设计的首要目的是通过调节自身与自然气候之间的差异进而创造舒适的人工环境。我国公共建筑建设数量大,其能源消耗也较多,尤其在北方寒冷地区,冬季寒冷,长时间温度较低,夏季炎热,建筑需要消耗大量的采暖能耗和降温能耗。基于北方寒冷地区气候变化幅度大和公共建筑能耗大两方面的原因,为营造舒适的室内热环境,该地区的公共建筑被动式设计发展迫在眉睫。本文以北方寒冷地区公共建筑形体作为研究对象,首先对北方寒冷地区公共建筑的被动式设计进行解读,包括影响北方寒冷地区公共建筑的主要气候要素分析和基于该地区气候特点的形体被动式内涵分析;其次总结归纳了北方寒冷地区建筑形体的气候适应性特征,为下文提出的形体被动式设计方法提供策略借鉴;最后通过分析结合大量实际案例,分别从适风性、适光性和温度调适三个方面提出了北方寒冷地区公共建筑形体的被动式设计方法。根据北方寒冷地区气候特征,综合建筑功能要求,合理设计和组织建筑体型和外界面元素形态,这种借助建筑本体的被动式设计不仅可以创造健康舒适的人居环境,还有助于丰富建筑设计手段,拓宽建筑设计思路,对未来我国北方寒冷地区公共建筑的绿色设计有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of sustainable development theory, people have come to realize that architecture is closely related to climate. Architecture is a shelter for human being to adapt to climate. The primary purpose of architectural design is to create comfortable artificial environment by adjusting the difference between itself and natural climate. The amount of public buildings in our country is large and its energy consumption is much, especially in the cold areas of the north, the winter is cold, the temperature is low for a long time, the summer is hot, the buildings need to consume a lot of heating energy consumption and cooling energy consumption. In order to create a comfortable indoor thermal environment, it is urgent to develop passive design of public buildings in northern cold regions because of the great climate change and large energy consumption of public buildings. This paper takes the form of public buildings in the cold regions of the north as the research object, first of all, it interprets the passive design of the public buildings in the cold areas of the north. It includes the analysis of the main climatic elements that affect the public buildings in the cold areas of the north and the analysis of the physical and passive connotations based on the climatic characteristics of this area. Secondly, it summarizes the climate adaptability characteristics of the architectural form in the cold area of northern China, and provides the strategy for the passive design method of the body proposed below. Finally, combining with a large number of practical cases, the passive design method of public building form in cold area of northern China is put forward from three aspects of wind, light and temperature adjustment. According to the climatic characteristics of cold regions in the north, comprehensive building function requirements, reasonable design and organization of building body shape and external surface element form, this passive design with the aid of building body can not only create a healthy and comfortable living environment. It also helps to enrich the means of architectural design and broaden the architectural design ideas. It has certain reference significance for the green design of public buildings in the cold areas of northern China in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU242

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