寒冷地区密闭空间不对称辐射对人体热舒适性的影响

发布时间：2018-12-16 22:36

【摘要】：毛细管辐射空调具有舒适节能、无吹风感、无噪音、温度分布较均匀等特点,因此在许多国家开始广泛应用。由于毛细管敷设方式具有局限性,从而造成毛细管辐射的不对称性,对人体舒适感有一定的影响,因此,针对寒冷地区密闭空间毛细管不对称性辐射对人体热舒适性影响进行深入研究很有必要。本文作者通过模拟软件Airpak进行数值模拟分析,并搭建毛细管辐射供暖实验台,对毛细管辐射空调系统进行实验研究。利用实验的方法得出不对称辐射条件下局部的皮肤温度、心率、血压等生理参数随时间的变化,并利用线性回归方程得到人体热可接受度与人体热舒适、热感觉的评价模型。首先,本文分析了影响毛细管辐射换热量的主要因素,得出毛细管壁面温度以及毛细管敷设位置即角系数是主要的影响因素,并对角系数进行了分析与计算,得出角系数计算模型及公式:人体与壁面之间的角系数计算模型、两壁面之间的角系数计算模型。在此基础上,提出了几种热环境提出了几种评价方法,通过分析受试者对热感觉和热舒适的投票值得到与人体热可接受度之间的关系。其次,本文主要利用Airpak软件,对距毛细管不同距离、距外窗不同距离、距地面不同距离三种工况进行了数值模拟,得出每一种工况下不对称辐射室内空气温度、室内空气湿度、PMV、PPD值的分布情况,并借助图像分析了不对称辐射对人体热舒适性的影响,得出距离毛细管0.5m以内、距外窗0.5m以内、距地面0.6m以内不对称辐射对人体的舒适度影响较大;其他区域中,影响较小。再次,本文利用搭建的实验台对毛细管辐射系统进行了实验研究,测得各个工况下的实验数据,主要包括:室内温度、室内湿度、人体的皮肤温度、围护结构内表面温度、室外空气温湿度、人体心率、血压、人体热舒适、热感觉投票值。并利用Origin对测得的实验数据进行了分析,得出不同工况下不对称辐射对人体的局部皮肤温度的影响。最后,针对不同工况下的人体热感觉、热舒适、心率、血压随时间的变化规律进行了分析,利用线性回归的方法,得出人体热可接受度与人体热舒适、热感觉之间的关系:局部皮肤温度受不对称辐射影响较大,而心率、血压几乎不受影响;随着温度的升高,人体局部热感觉、热舒适差异性逐渐减少,温度越高,局部以及全身温度也越高;人体全身热感觉与热舒适受局部最不利部位影响较大,并与最不利部位变化基本相似;人体热可接受度与热感觉相关性不强,但与热舒适度相关性较大。
[Abstract]:Capillary radiation air conditioning has been widely used in many countries because of its advantages of comfort and energy saving, no sense of blowing, no noise and uniform temperature distribution. Because of the limitation of the capillary laying method, the asymmetry of capillary radiation and the influence on the comfort of human body, therefore, It is necessary to study the effect of capillary asymmetry radiation on human thermal comfort in cold regions. In this paper, the author carries on the numerical simulation analysis through the simulation software Airpak, and builds the capillary radiation heating experiment bench, carries on the experimental research to the capillary radiation air conditioning system. The changes of physiological parameters such as skin temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and so on under asymmetric radiation were obtained by using the experimental method. The linear regression equation was used to obtain the evaluation model of the human body's heat acceptability and human body's thermal comfort and sensation. Firstly, the main factors affecting the heat transfer of capillary radiation are analyzed, and the temperature of the capillary wall and the position of the capillary laying are found to be the main factors, and the angular coefficient is analyzed and calculated. The calculation model and formula of angle coefficient are obtained: the calculating model of angle coefficient between human body and wall and the calculating model of angle coefficient between two walls. On this basis, several evaluation methods of thermal environment are put forward. By analyzing the relationship between the subjects' voting value of thermal sensation and thermal comfort and the thermal acceptability of human body, several evaluation methods are put forward. Secondly, this paper mainly uses Airpak software to carry on the numerical simulation to the different distance from the capillary tube, the different distance from the outside window, the different distance from the ground, obtains the asymmetry radiation indoor air temperature, the indoor air humidity under each kind of working condition. The distribution of PMV,PPD value and the effect of asymmetric radiation on the thermal comfort of human body are analyzed with the help of images. The results show that the distance between capillary and window is less than 0.5 m and 0.5 m respectively. Asymmetric radiation within 0.6 m from the ground has a great effect on the comfort of human body. In other regions, the effect is small. Thirdly, the capillary radiation system is studied by using the experimental bench, and the experimental data under various working conditions are obtained, including: indoor temperature, indoor humidity, skin temperature of human body, inner surface temperature of enclosure structure. Outdoor air temperature and humidity, human heart rate, blood pressure, human body thermal comfort, hot feeling vote value. The experimental data were analyzed by Origin, and the effect of asymmetric radiation on the local skin temperature of human body was obtained under different working conditions. Finally, the changes of human thermal sensation, thermal comfort, heart rate and blood pressure under different working conditions are analyzed, and the thermal acceptability and thermal comfort of human body are obtained by linear regression method. The relationship between thermal sensation: the local skin temperature was affected by asymmetric radiation, but the heart rate and blood pressure were almost unaffected; With the rise of temperature, the human body local thermal sensation, thermal comfort difference gradually decreased, the higher the temperature, local and body temperature is also higher; The whole body thermal sensation and thermal comfort are influenced by the most unfavorable part of the body and are similar to those of the most unfavorable part. The relationship between the thermal acceptability and the thermal sensation is not strong, but it is related to the thermal comfort.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU831

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