电梯提升系统固有特性与动力学响应分析

发布时间：2019-01-23 20:27

【摘要】：全球经济的发展加快了各国经济的发展进程,致使高层建筑越来越多,电梯运行高度不断的提高,系统对外界的激励会变得非常敏感,异常振动更容易发生,强烈的振动还可能引发安全事故,所以对电梯振动进行分析和研究显得十分重要。本论文以曳引电梯为研究对象,以降低电梯在运行过程中产生的垂直和水平方向的振动为主要目的,采用理论研究、计算机仿真和实验三者相结合的研究方法对1:1曳引电梯的振的情况进行分析。本文研究内容如下:首先,通过对1:1曳引式电梯提升系统进行合理的简化,建立电梯提升系统垂直方向上的6自由度的动力学模型,并得到了动力学方程。以此为基础,求解系统固有频率,并分析电梯在运行状态参数和结构参数发生变化时,系统固有频率的变化规律,提出减小振动的方法,通过仿真验证了其减振效果,最后对电梯系统在偏心激励作用下轿厢的振动加速度响应作详细分析。其次,通过对系统的等效和简化处理得到水平方向上的4自由度动力学模型,利用牛顿第二定律建立了动力学方程。以此为基础,求解系统固有频率,并从轿厢载荷量、导靴刚度和轿厢四周支撑橡胶刚度三个方面分析它们对电梯提升系统水平固有频率的影响,据此提出通过增大导靴的刚度和阻尼减小振动的方法,通过仿真验证了其减振效果,最后针对电梯提升系统在三种导轨不平顺激励下引起的电梯水平方向的振动响应进行分析,得出三种不平顺度形式对轿厢水平振动响应的影响规律。最后,对系统在曳引机存在偏心激励时,运用EVA-625电梯专用振动测试仪对电梯运行过程中的振动情况进行测试,并与仿真结果对比,验证理论模型的正确性。
[Abstract]:The development of the global economy has accelerated the economic development process of various countries. As a result, more and more high-rise buildings have been built, and the elevators' operating heights have been continuously raised. The system will become very sensitive to the external incentives, and abnormal vibration will occur more easily. Strong vibration may also lead to safety accidents, so it is very important to analyze and study elevator vibration. The main purpose of this paper is to reduce the vertical and horizontal vibration of the elevator in the course of operation, and to adopt the theoretical research, which takes the traction elevator as the research object, and the main purpose of this paper is to reduce the vertical and horizontal vibration of the elevator. The vibration of 1:1 traction elevator is analyzed by computer simulation and experiment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, through the reasonable simplification of the 1:1 traction elevator lift system, the dynamic model of 6 degrees of freedom in the vertical direction of the elevator hoisting system is established, and the dynamic equation is obtained. On this basis, the natural frequency of the system is solved, and the variation law of the natural frequency of the system is analyzed when the operating state parameters and the structural parameters of the elevator change, and the method of reducing the vibration is put forward, and the effect of the vibration reduction is verified by simulation. Finally, the vibration acceleration response of elevator system under eccentric excitation is analyzed in detail. Secondly, through the equivalent and simplified treatment of the system, the dynamic model of four degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction is obtained, and the dynamic equation is established by using Newton's second law. On this basis, the natural frequency of the system is solved, and the influence of the system natural frequency on the horizontal natural frequency of elevator hoisting system is analyzed from three aspects: the load quantity of the car, the stiffness of the guide boot and the rubber stiffness of the surrounding bracing of the car. Based on this, a method of reducing vibration by increasing stiffness and damping of guide boots is put forward, and its damping effect is verified by simulation. Finally, the vibration response of elevator horizontal direction caused by three kinds of guideway irregularity excitation is analyzed. The influence of three irregularity forms on the horizontal vibration response of the car is obtained. Finally, when the traction machine has eccentric excitation, the vibration of the elevator is tested by EVA-625 special vibration tester, and the simulation results are compared to verify the correctness of the theoretical model.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU857

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