集合球竖向隔震筒的力学性能试验研究
发布时间：2019-04-18 14:14
【摘要】：通常认为地震引起破坏的主要原因是由于水平向地震作用,竖向地震作用只相当于水平地震作用的1/3~1/2。但是最近的几十年,在高烈度近断层地震区多次监测到了大量的地震竖向加速度分量,其峰值甚至还大于水平加速度峰值,所以进行竖向隔震已成为隔震亟待解决的一道命题。本文对国内外竖向隔震和三维隔震等方面的研究现状进行了综述,对目前竖向隔震系统的种类、工作原理、结构组成和各自具备的优缺点进行了对比;在此基础上,针对新型的竖向隔震支座——集合球竖向隔震筒,以橡胶球作为填充的集合球体,开展了一系列的力学性能试验研究,主要完成了以下工作:(1)结合竖向隔震理论及小直径隔震筒因素正交试验,对隔震筒进行优化,设计并制作了三类直径、两类高度共六种足尺的集合球竖向隔震筒。(2)通过对集合球竖向隔震筒进行竖向力学性能试验,研究了采用单一直径橡胶球来填充隔震筒时,四种因素(橡胶球硬度、橡胶球填充率、加载频率、加载次数)对集合球竖向隔震筒的平均竖向刚度与耗能能力的影响。试验结果表明,加载频率、加载次数对隔震筒力学性能影响可忽略,橡胶球硬度、橡胶球填充率与隔震筒的竖向刚度正相关。(3)研究了不同直径及不同高度的集合球竖向隔震筒的力学性能,从试验结果分析得出,隔震筒在直径或高度作为单一变量时,筒直径越大,隔震筒平均竖向刚度越大;筒高度越高,隔震筒平均竖向刚度越小;隔震筒在工作行程范围内的极限承载面压可达到5.5MPa~6.5MPa。(4)将叠层橡胶水平隔震支座与集合球竖向隔震筒串联组成三维隔震支座,对此三维隔震支座分别进行单一水平向、单一竖向和同时双向加载的拟静力试验,输入不同的加载幅值和频率,获取各种情况下的滞回曲线,对试验结果分别进行对比,进一步检验支座的三维隔震、耗能效果。(5)提出一种计算模型——双抛物线模型对集合球竖向隔震筒的力学性能进行试验拟合,并将各影响因素与模型参数进行量化研究,为集合球竖向隔震筒提供了一套完整的力学性能计算模型的体系。论文最后对上述研究成果进行了简单的总结,并指出进一步研究的方向和亟待完成的工作。
[Abstract]:It is generally believed that the main cause of damage caused by earthquake is due to horizontal seismic action, and vertical seismic action is only equal to 1 ~ 3 ~ 1 ~ 2 of horizontal earthquake action. However, in recent decades, a large number of seismic vertical acceleration components have been monitored many times in the high intensity near fault seismic region, its peak value is even larger than the horizontal acceleration peak value, so vertical isolation has become a proposition to be solved urgently. This paper summarizes the research status of vertical isolation and three-dimensional isolation at home and abroad, and compares the types, working principle, structure composition and advantages and disadvantages of vertical isolation systems. On the basis of this, a series of experimental studies on mechanical properties of a new type of vertical isolation bearing, collecting ball vertical isolator, using rubber ball as a filled aggregate sphere, are carried out, and a series of experiments are carried out on the mechanical properties of the new type of vertical isolation bearing, the assembly ball vertical isolation cylinder. The main work is as follows: (1) according to the vertical isolation theory and the orthogonal test of the small diameter isolator, the isolator is optimized, and three kinds of diameters are designed and made. Two kinds of vertical isolation cylinders with six kinds of height were studied. (2) four factors (hardness of rubber ball, hardness of rubber ball) were studied when single diameter rubber ball was used to fill the isolation cylinder. (2) the vertical mechanical properties of the collecting ball vertical isolator were studied by means of the vertical mechanical properties test of the collecting ball vertical isolator. The effects of rubber ball filling ratio, loading frequency and loading times on the average vertical stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the vertical isolator. The experimental results show that the effects of loading frequency and loading times on the mechanical properties of the isolator can be neglected, and the hardness of rubber ball can be ignored. The filling rate of rubber ball is positively related to the vertical stiffness of the isolator. (3) the mechanical properties of the vertical isolation cylinder with different diameters and heights are studied, and the results of the test show that the diameter or height of the isolator is a single variable when the diameter or height of the isolator is regarded as a single variable. The larger the diameter of the cylinder is, the greater the average vertical stiffness of the isolator is; The higher the cylinder height, the smaller the average vertical stiffness of the isolator; The ultimate bearing surface pressure of the isolator in the working range can reach 5.5 MPA / 6.5MPa. (4) the laminated rubber horizontal isolation bearing is connected with the assembled ball vertical isolation cylinder in series to form a three-dimensional isolation bearing. The pseudo-static tests of single horizontal, single vertical and simultaneous bi-directional loading are carried out for the three-dimensional isolation bearing. Different loading amplitudes and frequencies are inputted, the hysteretic curves under various conditions are obtained, and the test results are compared respectively. Further test the three-dimensional isolation and energy dissipation effect of the support. (5) A calculation model, double parabola model, is proposed to fit the mechanical properties of the vertical isolator, and the influence factors and model parameters are quantitatively studied. A complete calculation model system of mechanical properties is provided for the vertical isolator of the assembled ball. At last, this paper summarizes the above research results, and points out the direction of further research and the work to be finished.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.12
[Abstract]:It is generally believed that the main cause of damage caused by earthquake is due to horizontal seismic action, and vertical seismic action is only equal to 1 ~ 3 ~ 1 ~ 2 of horizontal earthquake action. However, in recent decades, a large number of seismic vertical acceleration components have been monitored many times in the high intensity near fault seismic region, its peak value is even larger than the horizontal acceleration peak value, so vertical isolation has become a proposition to be solved urgently. This paper summarizes the research status of vertical isolation and three-dimensional isolation at home and abroad, and compares the types, working principle, structure composition and advantages and disadvantages of vertical isolation systems. On the basis of this, a series of experimental studies on mechanical properties of a new type of vertical isolation bearing, collecting ball vertical isolator, using rubber ball as a filled aggregate sphere, are carried out, and a series of experiments are carried out on the mechanical properties of the new type of vertical isolation bearing, the assembly ball vertical isolation cylinder. The main work is as follows: (1) according to the vertical isolation theory and the orthogonal test of the small diameter isolator, the isolator is optimized, and three kinds of diameters are designed and made. Two kinds of vertical isolation cylinders with six kinds of height were studied. (2) four factors (hardness of rubber ball, hardness of rubber ball) were studied when single diameter rubber ball was used to fill the isolation cylinder. (2) the vertical mechanical properties of the collecting ball vertical isolator were studied by means of the vertical mechanical properties test of the collecting ball vertical isolator. The effects of rubber ball filling ratio, loading frequency and loading times on the average vertical stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the vertical isolator. The experimental results show that the effects of loading frequency and loading times on the mechanical properties of the isolator can be neglected, and the hardness of rubber ball can be ignored. The filling rate of rubber ball is positively related to the vertical stiffness of the isolator. (3) the mechanical properties of the vertical isolation cylinder with different diameters and heights are studied, and the results of the test show that the diameter or height of the isolator is a single variable when the diameter or height of the isolator is regarded as a single variable. The larger the diameter of the cylinder is, the greater the average vertical stiffness of the isolator is; The higher the cylinder height, the smaller the average vertical stiffness of the isolator; The ultimate bearing surface pressure of the isolator in the working range can reach 5.5 MPA / 6.5MPa. (4) the laminated rubber horizontal isolation bearing is connected with the assembled ball vertical isolation cylinder in series to form a three-dimensional isolation bearing. The pseudo-static tests of single horizontal, single vertical and simultaneous bi-directional loading are carried out for the three-dimensional isolation bearing. Different loading amplitudes and frequencies are inputted, the hysteretic curves under various conditions are obtained, and the test results are compared respectively. Further test the three-dimensional isolation and energy dissipation effect of the support. (5) A calculation model, double parabola model, is proposed to fit the mechanical properties of the vertical isolator, and the influence factors and model parameters are quantitatively studied. A complete calculation model system of mechanical properties is provided for the vertical isolator of the assembled ball. At last, this paper summarizes the above research results, and points out the direction of further research and the work to be finished.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.12
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