“被发明的传统”——《人间词话》是如何成为国学经典的

发布时间：2018-05-13 04:18

本文选题：《人间词话》 + 王国维　；参考：《南京大学学报(哲学.人文科学.社会科学)》2014年03期

【摘要】：晚清词坛对《人间词话》保持了集体沉默,辛亥革命前后王国维诗学几乎无声无息。五四新文化运动后,胡适等人的推阐发扬才使之声誉日隆。二十世纪三四十年代,唐圭璋等人纷纷撰文批评王国维的观点,但这种来自中国诗学传统的狙击,并未阻挡这部著作影响的扩大。二十世纪五六十年代,一批接受苏式文艺理论训练的年轻学者撰写了大量有关研究论著,推动了其经典化进程。这批学者集中阐发了《人间词话》与苏式文艺理论的一致性,给予"境界说"很高的评价,认为它是中国古典文艺理论中最接近于现代文艺理论的概念。而实际情形是,王国维把德国古典美学的内容翻译为中国古代文论话语,这些中国学者又把它再度翻译成接近现代文艺理论的内容,通过这种循环创造了一种适合现代需要的古代诗学传统。二十世纪八九十年代,《人间词话》又成了中国古代诗学的总结性代表作。然而,"中国古代意境说"的传统仍然是在西方理论帮助下建构起来的。事实上,"意境说"正是霍布斯鲍姆所说的"被发明的传统",当我们把王国维等人依据德国古典美学传统建构的"意境说"视为中国古代诗学的核心范畴和审美理想时,同时也就埋葬了自己民族的诗学传统与审美理想。
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, there was a collective silence on the words of the earth, and Wang Guowei poetics was almost silent before and after the Revolution of 1911. After the May 4th New Culture Movement, Hu Shi et al. In the 1930s and 1940s, Tang Guizhang and others wrote articles criticizing Wang Guowei's point of view, but the sniping from the Chinese poetic tradition did not prevent the influence of this work from expanding. In the 1950s and 1960s, a group of young scholars trained in Soviet literature and art theory wrote a large number of related works, which promoted the process of its classicalization. This group of scholars concentrated on explaining the consistency between "the word of the earth" and the theory of Soviet literature and art, and gave a very high appraisal of "realm theory" as the concept of Chinese classical literature and art theory which is the closest to the modern theory of literature and art. In fact, Wang Guowei translated the content of German classical aesthetics into the discourse of ancient Chinese literary theory, and these Chinese scholars once again translated it into something close to modern literary theory. Through this cycle, an ancient poetic tradition suitable for modern needs has been created. In the 1980's and 1990 s, the word of ci in the world became the summative representative work of ancient Chinese poetics. However, the tradition of "ancient Chinese artistic conception" is still constructed with the help of western theory. In fact, "artistic conception" is exactly the "invented tradition" as Hobsbaum calls it. When we regard the "artistic conception theory" constructed by Wang Guowei and others according to the German classical aesthetic tradition as the core category and aesthetic ideal of ancient Chinese poetics, At the same time, it buried the poetic tradition and aesthetic ideal of our nation.
【作者单位】：清华大学中文系;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“跨文化语境中的王国维诗学”(12FZW016)
【分类号】：I207.23

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