“整理国故”与“再造文明”的不同路径——从民国时期“整理国故”运动考察当时学界的不同文化理念及其冲突

发布时间：2018-11-25 21:09

【摘要】：上世纪二三十年代,在胡适等人的大力推动下,"整理国故"运动迅速升温并蔓延全国。由胡适提出的"研究问题、输入学理、整理国故、再造文明"成为这一运动的宗旨。以科学精神、西方观念作为整理国故的利器,开辟了国学研究的新生面;但在具体操作过程中,却容易犯以西衡中的毛病,缺乏对传统文化的"同情之了解",也缺乏对西方文明的必要反省。同时,大力提倡整理国故,还有消解新文化建设成果,走向崇古、迷古老路的危险。因此,整理国故运动受到了来自各方面的尖锐质疑,集中体现了当时学界不同文化理念之间的矛盾与冲突。本来,这些不同的见解均有着各自独特的价值,完全可以相互沟通,并在更高的层面上得到整合;但亡国灭种的巨大阴影带来的心理焦虑,对学术活动现实效应的过度追求,加上极度的自信乃至自负,各派学者大多难以与对手进行真正意义上的学术对话,沉潜深入的学理探讨几乎成为奢望。这一情形使得"整理国故"运动的积极意义被部分内耗,其对"再造文明"所起的作用也被削减。
[Abstract]:In the twenties and thirties of the last century, under the impetus of Hu Shi and others, the movement of "sorting out the national heritage" quickly heated up and spread all over the country. The aim of this movement is to study the problem, input theory, sort out the national reason and recreate civilization, which was put forward by Hu Shi. In the spirit of science, the western concept was used as a sharp weapon to sort out the national heritage, which opened up a new aspect of the study of Chinese culture. However, in the concrete operation, it is easy to make mistakes in Xiheng, lack the understanding of sympathy to the traditional culture, and also lack the necessary introspection to the western civilization. At the same time, promote the collation of national heritage, there is a danger of dispelling the achievements of new cultural construction, to worship the ancient, lost ancient road. Therefore, the movement of collation of national heritage was sharply questioned from various aspects, which embodied the contradictions and conflicts between different cultural ideas of academic circles at that time. Originally, these different views have their own unique value, can completely communicate with each other, and at a higher level of integration; However, the psychological anxiety brought about by the great shadow of the extinction of the nation, the excessive pursuit of the practical effects of academic activities, and the extreme self-confidence and even conceit, make it difficult for scholars of all kinds to engage in a genuine academic dialogue with their opponents. Shen Qian's deep theoretical discussion almost became an extravagant hope. As a result, the positive significance of the movement is partly internal friction, and its role in reinventing civilization is also reduced.
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【分类号】：K26

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