中国超常教育的发展历程及启示——未来呼唤“双超常教育”

发布时间：2018-01-23 23:34

本文关键词： 中国超常教育超常儿童历史演进启示　出处：《中国特殊教育》2009年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：高级创新人才的质量决定中国在未来社会发展中的坐标位置,超常教育成为国家精英教育的载体。人们对超常儿童的认识经历了神童——超常儿童——资优儿童等发展过程,跨越了神童教育——天才教育——资优教育阶段;以陶行知和沈亦珍为代表的先驱者从整合儒家精英教育和西方民主教育理念角度,尝试构建富有中国特色的现代超常教育理论。伴随新中国改革开放三十年的巨大成就——初步形成中国现代超常教育体系。但亦存在超常教育资源匮乏、教育立法等问题。据此,必须树立正确的超常儿童成才观,重视人才富矿,为超常儿童提供适合其身心特征的个别化教育服务;并给予政策支持和法律保障;扩大超常教育范围,促进城乡超常教育一体化,大力推进双超常教育新理念。
[Abstract]:The quality of advanced innovative talents determines the coordinate position of China in the future social development. The transcendental education has become the carrier of the elite education of the country. People's understanding of the exceptional children has gone through the development process of prodigy children-exceptional children-gifted children and so on. Surpassing the stage of prodigy education-genius education-gifted education; The pioneers, represented by Tao Xingzhi and Shen Yizhen, integrated the Confucian elite education with the western democratic education idea. This paper tries to construct the theory of modern supernormal education with Chinese characteristics. With the great achievements of the thirty years of reform and opening to the outside world in New China, it has initially formed the Chinese modern supernormal education system. However, there is also a shortage of resources for transcendental education. On the basis of this, we must set up a correct outlook on the development of exceptional children, attach importance to the rich talents, and provide individualized educational services suitable to their physical and mental characteristics. And give policy support and legal protection; Expand the scope of extraordinary education, promote the integration of urban and rural extra-normal education, and vigorously promote the new concept of double transcendental education.
【作者单位】：重庆师范大学特殊教育学院;重庆师范大学学前教育学院;
【分类号】：G763
【正文快照】： 1超常教育的内涵及理念1.1天才与超常儿童概念的发展“天才”(genio)一词始于16世纪,原指伟大的艺术家,特指艺术家个人的巨大社会价值。康德认为,“天才是自然的宠儿,人们把它当作稀有现象来对待”[1]。这里的自然是指理性自然,在天才身上表现为“想象力和悟性构成的一种幸运

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