美国社区学院转学教育功能研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 19:42

本文选题：美国社区学院 + 转学教育功能　；参考：《广西师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：处于基础层次的美国社区学院具有独特功能和使命。在社区学院承担的诸种教育功能中,转学教育与职业教育为其核心功能和基本使命。美国社区学院的转学教育功能包括两个部分：其一是与本科大学学士学位课程计划分工合作,为学生提供由人文科学、社会科学和自然科学课程构成的通识教育课程,向成绩合格者颁发副学士学位；其二则是通过制定、实施和完善转学政策,构建“2+2”专本衔接机制,帮助社区学院毕业生在取得副学士学位后,通过程序转入本科大学深造。转学教育维护了社区学院的高等教育机构本质属性,为美国高等教育民主化和大众化作出了独特贡献。本文由导论和四个章节构成,主要探讨美国社区学院的转学教育功能。导论部分简要介绍本课题的来源、研究目的和意义、国内外研究现状、理论基础、研究思路及相关主要概念。第一章回顾美国社区学院转学教育功能的产生与嬗变。美国社区学院与美国社区相伴而生,通过转学教育功能成功地实现了副学士学位教育和学士学位教育的无缝衔接,为社区学院毕业生转入本科大学深造提供了一条经济合理、方便快捷的入学通道,使社区学院成为了美国人心目中“真正的学院”。第二章具体分析纽约州立大学所属本科分校和两年制学院(含社区学院)通过制定和完善校际转学政策,合作构建专本无缝衔接教学模式的实践。分析揭示,美国社区学院转学教育功能获致的校际转学政策和专本无缝衔接办学模式,不仅有助于不同类型、不同性质和不同层次的美国高等教育机构,有序运作和高效履行各自的功能和使命,促进教育资源的合理配置和美国高等教育体系的整体优化发展,也在一定程度上有助于美国社会的“弱势族群”学生争取到平等的高等教育机会,有力推动美国高等教育的“大众化”和“民主化”进程。通识教育是社区学院转学教育功能的重要组成部分。在美国社区学院众多的通识教育课程设置模式中,佛罗里达州迈阿密—戴德学院的通识教育课程体系具有典型代表性。第三章探究该学院的通识教育课程模式。迈阿密—戴德学院开设的通识教育课程包括基本技能课程、核心课程、分类课程和选修课程四大类。每个大类包括若干科目。学院的《通识教育课程要求》不仅规定,学生可以根据自己的兴趣在每一大类课程中选择修读至少一门课程,以满足申请相应副学士学位所须的学分总数要求,而且要求为学生提供必要的帮助,使之能明晰自身价值,提高修读通识教育课程的主动性和积极性。第四章探讨美国社区学院办学模式对改革和完善业已存在的我国高职院校“专升本”制度可能提供的启示。作为“他山之石”,美国社区学院的转学教育功能将为改革和完善我国现存的高职院校“专升本”制度,将其打造成为具有中国特色的高职教育“专本衔接模式”提供以下借鉴：1.根据学生需求灵活设置课程,确保高职院校课程教学的学术性与实用性；2.争取课程学分互认,实现普职教育衔接；3.超越狭隘的地域观念和计划经济误区；4.重新确立高职院校的办学定位；5.通过理性选择,力戒重复建设,重新整合现有高职院校教育资源,将高职院校整合成具有中国特色的“社区学院”。
[Abstract]:The American Community College at the basic level has its unique function and mission. In the various educational functions of the community college, the transfer education and the vocational education are its core functions and basic missions. The function of the transfer education of the American community college includes two parts: one is to cooperate with the bachelor's degree program in the undergraduate university, Students provide a general education course from the humanities, social sciences and natural science courses to issue an associate's degree to qualified candidates; and the second is to establish, implement and improve the transfer policy and build a "2+2" cohesive mechanism to help community college graduates pass through a program after obtaining a bachelor's degree. University education. Transfer education has safeguarded the essential attributes of higher education institutions in community colleges, and has made a unique contribution to the democratization and popularization of higher education in the United States.
This article is composed of an introduction and four chapters. It mainly discusses the transfer function of American community colleges.
The introductory part briefly introduces the source, purpose and significance of the research, the research status, theoretical basis, research ideas and related concepts at home and abroad.
The first chapter reviews the emergence and evolution of the function of secondary school education in the American Community College. The American Community College is born with the American community. Through the function of the transfer education, it has successfully realized the seamless connection between the secondary degree education and the bachelor's degree education. It provides a reasonable economy for the graduates of the community college to enter the University. Fast access to the community college has become the real college in the eyes of Americans.
The second chapter concretely analyzes the practice of establishing and perfecting the intercollegiate transfer policy by establishing and perfecting the intercollegiate transfer policy in New York State University and the two year College (including community colleges). Only the United States institutions of higher education in different types, different qualities and different levels are able to operate and perform their respective functions and missions in an orderly manner, to promote the rational allocation of educational resources and to optimize the overall development of the American higher education system. To some extent, the "weak ethnic group" students in the United States society will strive for equality. The opportunity of higher education promotes the popularization and democratization of American higher education.
General education is an important part of the function of the transfer education in the community college. The general education curriculum system of Miami Dade College in Florida is typical in the mode of general education curriculum in the Community College of the United States.
The third chapter explores the course mode of general education in the college. The general education courses offered by Miami - Dade College include basic skills courses, core courses, classified courses and elective courses. Each major category includes a number of subjects. The college's "general education curriculum requirements" not only stipulate that students can be based on their own interests in every one. In the major courses, at least one course is chosen to meet the requirements for the total number of credits required for the corresponding associate degree, and the necessary help is required for the students to clarify their own values and improve their initiative and enthusiasm in the course of education and general education.
The fourth chapter discusses the possible enlightenment of the American community college running mode on the reform and improvement of the existing higher vocational colleges in China. As a "stone", the transfer education function of the American Community College will be to reform and improve the existing higher vocational colleges in our country. Chinese characteristics of Higher Vocational Education "connection mode" to provide the following lessons: 1. flexibly set up the curriculum according to the needs of the students, to ensure the academic and practical teaching of higher vocational education; 2. strive for the mutual recognition of curriculum credits, realize the connection of universal education; 3. beyond the narrow regional concept and the misconception of the planned economy; 4. reestablish the high vocational school. The school's orientation of running a school; 5. through rational choice, reconstructing the repeated construction, reintegrating the existing vocational education resources, and integrating the higher vocational colleges into the "Community College" with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G648.6

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