不同振动训练模式对普通大学生健康体适能的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 20:17

本文关键词：不同振动训练模式对普通大学生健康体适能的影响研究　出处：《西南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的:振动训练作为一种新兴的运动训练,并已广泛用于运动员增加肌肉力量,平衡能力等,本研究的目的有二:其一旨在探讨不同振动频率对大学生生理指标及基本素质的影响,希望能通过振动训练有效提高当代大学生身体素质并寻找出改善大学生健康体适能最有效的振动训练组合;其二探讨出改善大学生健康体适能的振动训练的最优干预周期;同时也为运动教练员及体育科研人员能够更科学,安全的利用振动训练仪器提高运动能力提供理论依据和可靠参考。研究方法:通过振动训练平台对大学生进行定期定量的振动干预训练,训练过程中利用实时监控系统,血压计记录受试者的HRV,心率,血压等生理指标及进行训练强度监控;通过相关测量仪器分别测试受试者实验前后的下肢肌力,柔韧性,平衡能力等基本身体素质指标,并运用spss对实验获得的指标数据进行配对T检验,单因素方差(多重比较)分析等统计方法获得相应的结果。研究结果::1)振频30HZ及40HZ的振动训练组对于下肢肌力的增加具有更好的锻炼效益,其提升率分别达11.60%及10.50%;2)20HZ及30HZ振动训练组对于柔韧性素质的增加效果更好,提升率分别达25.14%及28.69%;3)30HZ及40HZ振动训练组对心肺机能的影响较20HZ振动训练组和无振动训练组效果更好,其提升率分别达8.41%及11.19%;4)振动训练对于普通大学生体成分改善效果不太明显;5)平衡能力的影响效果表现为20HZ振动训练组显著30HZ振动训练组传统训练40HZ振动训练组;6)六周的振动周期对于下肢肌力,平衡能力及心肺机能的变化有着重要意义;研究发现各振动训练组的下肢肌力从第六周开始增加百分比呈递增趋势,心肺耐力和平衡能力从第六周开始增加百分比呈递减趋势,而收缩压在第六周后呈递增趋势,舒张压呈降低或不变状态。研究结论:1)中低频的振动训练对于改善普通大学生柔韧性素质和平衡能力的效果更佳;2)中高频振动训练对肌力与心肺机能的影响更大;3)改善大学生健康体适能的有效运动周期为六周,个别身体素质指标,如柔韧性,则可延长锻炼周期,且周期越长效果越好;4)30HZ振动训练组对肌力和柔韧性的提升比其它训练组需要的训练周期更短;20HZ振动训练组对平衡能力的提升比其它训练组更快;40HZ振动训练组能更快的达到改善心肺机能的能力。
[Abstract]:Research objective: vibration training as a new sport training, and has been widely used in athletes to increase muscle strength, balance ability and so on. The purpose of this study is twofold: one is to explore the effects of different vibration frequencies on the physiological indexes and basic qualities of college students. It is hoped that the vibration training can effectively improve the physical fitness of contemporary college students and find out the most effective vibration training combination to improve the physical fitness of college students. The second is to explore the optimal intervention period of vibration training to improve the health and fitness of college students; At the same time, sports coaches and sports researchers can be more scientific. Safe use of vibration training equipment to improve sports ability to provide theoretical basis and reliable reference. Research method: through vibration training platform for college students to regularly and quantitatively vibration intervention training. In the course of training, the real-time monitoring system was used to record the HRV, heart rate, blood pressure and other physiological indexes of the subjects and to monitor the training intensity. The basic physical fitness indexes such as muscle strength, flexibility and balance ability of lower extremity were measured by relevant measuring instruments before and after the experiment, and spss was used to test the experimental data for paired T test. The results showed that the vibration frequency of 30HZ and 40HZ vibration training group had better effect on the increase of lower limb muscle strength by statistical methods such as single factor variance (multiple comparison) analysis and so on. The results showed that the vibration frequency of 30HZ and 40HZ were better than that of the control group. The lifting rates were 11.60% and 10.50, respectively. 2the vibration training group of 20HZ and 30HZ had better effect on the increase of flexibility, the elevating rate was 25.14% and 28.69 respectively. 3The effects of 30HZ and 40HZ vibration training groups on cardiopulmonary function were better than those of 20HZ vibration training group and non-vibration training group, the lifting rates were 8.41% and 11.19 respectively. 4) the effect of vibration training on improving the body composition of college students is not obvious. 5) the effect of balance ability was as follows: 20HZ vibration training group significantly 30HZ vibration training group traditional training 40HZ vibration training group; 6) the six-week vibration cycle is of great significance to the changes of muscle strength, balance ability and cardiopulmonary function of lower limbs. The study found that the lower limb muscle strength of each vibration training group increased gradually from 6th weeks, the cardiopulmonary endurance and balance ability increased gradually from 6th weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) showed an increasing trend after 6th weeks, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased or remained the same. Conclusion: the vibration training of middle and low frequency is better for improving the flexibility and balance ability of college students. 2) the medium and high frequency vibration training has more influence on muscle strength and cardiopulmonary function; 3) the effective exercise cycle for improving college students' physical fitness is six weeks. Individual physical fitness indicators, such as flexibility, can prolong the exercise cycle, and the longer the cycle, the better the effect; The improvement of muscle strength and flexibility in vibration training group was shorter than that in other training groups. The improvement of balance ability in 20HZ vibration training group was faster than that in other training groups. The 40 HZ vibration training group was able to improve cardiopulmonary function more quickly.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G807.4

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