高原体能训练对我国高水平优秀篮球运动员身体机能与形态的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 04:36

本文关键词： 高原训练体能篮球运动员身体机能身体形态　出处：《北京体育大学学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以2015年中国男篮高原期间体能训练为研究对象,在高原训练过程中对中国男篮队员进行体能训练干预并进行追踪测试,并对高原前后身体机能与身体形态的变化进行深入研究,以期对高水平篮球运动员的高原体能训练进行科学化探索。方法:使用韩国Bio Space公司Inbody3.0体成分测试仪分别在上高原和下高原前测试身体成分;使用贝克曼库尔特公司GEN.S血细胞分析仪等仪器分别在上高原、高原中和下高原前测试身体机能。结果:HB、RBC和HCT在高原训练后都发生了显著的变化(P0.01);BUN与CK呈现先升高、再降低趋势;T与C则先降低、后升高;T/C则呈逐步上升趋势,但无显著性差异;身体成分中除了脂肪含量、腰臀比和体脂百分比有显著降低外(P0.05),其他指标没有显著变化(P0.05)。结论:1)高原体能训练可以显著提高篮球运动员血液携氧能力,这种能力在高原训练第11天的测试中发现有明显的提高,并于第21天达到非常显著水平。因此要改善篮球运动员机能水平,高原体能训练应至少持续21天。2)BUN和CK呈先上升后下降的趋势,且与高原体能训练负荷量的变化密切相关,因此BUN和CK可以作为今后高原体能训练负荷量控制的参考指标。3)T和C呈先下降后上升趋势,T/C则呈升高趋势,说明此次高原训练负荷安排科学合理,运动员没有发生疲劳现象,机体合成代谢能力得到提高。4)高原体能训练可以降低篮球运动员的体脂含量,但对肌肉围度的影响则与高原训练的高度、形式及负荷有关。5)此次高原体能训练模式可以作为其他高水平篮球队进行高原体能训练的参考。
[Abstract]:Taking the physical fitness training of the Chinese men's basketball team during the plateau period in 2015 as the research object, the physical fitness training intervention and tracking test of the Chinese men's basketball team members were carried out during the plateau training process. And the changes of body function and body shape before and after the plateau were deeply studied. The aim of this paper is to explore scientifically the high level basketball players' physical training at high altitude. Methods: using Bio in South Korea. Space Inbody3.0 body composition tester was used to test the body composition before the upper plateau and the lower plateau. Using Beckmann Kurt company GEN.S blood cell analyzer and other instruments to test the body function at the upper plateau, the high altitude and the lower altitude respectively. Results: HB. Both RBC and HCT changed significantly after high altitude training. BUN and CK increased first, then decreased. T and C decreased at first and then increased. T / C increased gradually, but there was no significant difference. In addition to fat content, waist-to-hip ratio and body fat percentage decreased significantly (P0.05). Conclusion the physical training at high altitude can significantly improve the blood oxygen carrying ability of basketball players. This ability was found to be significantly improved on the 11th day of plateau training and reached a very significant level on the 21st day. Therefore, the functional level of basketball players should be improved. Physical training at high altitude should last at least 21 days. Bun and CK increased first and then decreased, and were closely related to the change of physical training load at high altitude. Therefore, BUN and CK can be used as a reference index for the control of physical training load in the future. It shows that the altitude training load arrangement is scientific and reasonable, the athletes do not have fatigue phenomenon, the organism synthetic metabolism ability is improved. 4) the plateau physical fitness training can reduce the body fat content of basketball players. However, the influence on muscle circumference is related to the altitude, form and load of altitude training. 5) the plateau physical fitness training model can be used as a reference for other high-level basketball teams to carry out plateau physical training.
【作者单位】：北京体育大学;西北大学体育教研部;上海体育学院运动科学学院;成都体育学院;国家体育总局体育科学研究所;
【基金】：国家男子篮球队备战里约奥运会综合科技服务(课题编号:2015H7012)
【分类号】：G841
【正文快照】： 新一届中国男篮自组建之初就特别重视体能训练,在1期集训中体能训练所占的比例达到了40%。辛勤的耕耘最终收获了胜利的果实,在经过长达半年的集训备战后,中国男篮于2015年以9战全胜的骄人战绩再次夺得亚锦赛冠军,重返亚洲之巅。纵观此届亚锦赛,中国队虽没有展现出超强的攻击力

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