大学生“自主锻炼”现状调查与培养策略

发布时间：2018-02-06 02:15

本文关键词： 大学生 “自主锻炼”现状教学模式培养策略　出处：《鲁东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“自主锻炼”是自学、自练、自评、自控的体育锻炼。大学生“自主锻炼”的意识和能力不仅关系到他们在校积极参与体育活动的程度,还关系到他们离开学校,走向社会后是否能继续投身体育运动,终身与体育相伴。目前大学生自主参与体育活动的能力比较差,不能用科学的方法指导自己的锻炼活动,真正的体育意识、终身体育思想、“自主锻炼”的能力和习惯还没有形成。因此培养大学生“自主锻炼”能力是高校体育教育的重要任务。本文在对“自主锻炼”相关理论研究进行探讨的基础上,主要以问卷调查、座谈访问、实地观察等方法,对当前大学生“自主锻炼”现状进行调查。结果表明:大学生能认识到锻炼对健康的重要性,参与“自主锻炼”有着良好的认识基础,参与动机多元化,但并没有把健康与人生发展联系起来。大学生“自主锻炼”时间、频率、强度均明显不足,直接影响锻炼效果。男女生在“自主锻炼”项目选择上存在性别差异,跑步是男女生共同喜欢的项目,与同学朋友一起锻炼是最受欢迎的锻炼形式。大学生已经有了一定的“自主锻炼”知识与方法基础,但绝大多数学生不能独立制定锻炼计划并完成。影响大学生“自主锻炼”的因素主要是学习负担重没有时间、缺乏经费、缺乏场地设施、缺乏锻炼意识和缺乏兴趣。全面了解了当前大学生“自主锻炼”的情况,对调查结果进行系统而科学的分析,找出存在的问题,遵循积极主动性、因材施教和终身体育原则,构建了三个大学生“自主锻炼”教学模式:合作教学模式、快乐教学模式、情境教学模式。通过对大学生“自主锻炼”教学模式的构建,为大学生更好地养成“自主锻炼”意识和习惯以及形成大学生终身体育意识奠定良好的基础。最后围绕8个方面提出了有效的大学生“自主锻炼”培养策略:培养正确的锻炼价值观;合理设置“自主锻炼”目标;帮助学生掌握锻炼知识与方法;构建合理的教学体系;优化锻炼氛围和条件;组织丰富多彩的竞赛活动;建立良好的师生关系;构建科学的评价体系。本研究结果在一定程度上丰富了“自主锻炼”理论,为今后的相关研究提供参考,为普通大学生“自主锻炼”能力的培养提供指导,对大学体育教育具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:"Independent exercise" is self-study, self-training, self-evaluation, self-control of physical training. The consciousness and ability of college students "self-training" not only related to their active participation in physical activities in school. It is also related to whether they can continue to participate in sports after they leave school and go to the society. At present, the ability of college students to participate in sports activities independently is relatively poor. Cannot use the scientific method to direct own exercise activity, the real sports consciousness, the lifelong sports thought. The ability and habit of "independent exercise" have not been formed yet. Therefore, it is an important task of college physical education to cultivate the ability of "independent exercise". On the basis of theoretical research. The present situation of college students'"independent exercise" is investigated by means of questionnaire, interview and field observation. The results show that college students can realize the importance of exercise to their health. Participation in "independent exercise" has a good understanding foundation, participation motivation is diverse, but it does not link health with the development of life. College students "independent exercise" time, frequency, intensity are obviously inadequate. Directly affect the effect of exercise. Male and female students in the "independent exercise" project selection of gender differences, running is the male and female students like the project. Exercise with classmates and friends is the most popular form of exercise. College students already have a certain "self-exercise" knowledge and methods. However, most of the students can not independently make and complete the exercise plan. The main factors that affect the college students'"independent exercise" are the heavy learning burden, lack of time, lack of funds, lack of facilities. Lack of exercise awareness and lack of interest. Comprehensive understanding of the current situation of college students "self-exercise", the survey results of a systematic and scientific analysis, to find out the existing problems, follow the active initiative. According to the principles of aptitude teaching and lifelong physical education, three teaching modes of "independent exercise" for college students are constructed: cooperative teaching mode, happy teaching mode. Situational teaching mode. Through the construction of the teaching mode of "self-training" for college students. This paper lays a good foundation for college students to cultivate the consciousness and habit of "independent exercise" and to form the consciousness of lifelong physical education for college students. Finally, the paper puts forward effective cultivation strategies of "independent exercise" for college students in eight aspects. Cultivate correct exercise values; Setting up the goal of "independent exercise" reasonably; Help students master exercise knowledge and methods; Constructing a reasonable teaching system; Optimize the exercise atmosphere and conditions; Organizing colorful competition activities; Establishing good teacher-student relationship; The result of this study enriches the theory of "independent exercise" to some extent, provides the reference for the related research in the future, and provides the guidance for the cultivation of the ability of "independent exercise" of ordinary college students. It has certain reference significance to college physical education.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G807.4

【相似文献】