乌鲁木齐市体校摔跤运动员运动损伤的现状调查与分析

发布时间：2018-02-25 06:06

本文关键词： 乌鲁木齐市体育运动学校摔跤运动员运动损伤　出处：《首都体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：乌鲁木齐市体育运动学校担负着为国家、自治区、高校高水平运动队培养、输送体育后备人才的重任,摔跤专项是乌鲁木齐市体育运动学校重点建设专项,随着学校近几年的飞速发展,要求教学、训练越来越科学化、规范化。摔跤运动属于技能主导类格斗对抗性项群,运动员有身体接触,徒手较量,运用各种技战术的激烈运动。由于强度大、对抗激烈、技术动作变化灵活,很容易造成运动损伤,损伤程度较轻会导致运动员在一段时间内难以进行正常的运动训练,而严重损伤则会使运动员的运动生涯就此结束,甚至造成身心的永久性伤害。目前,我校摔跤运动员运动成绩虽然很优秀,是全国全疆摔跤运动员后备人才培养基地,很多优秀运动员在青少年时期没有注重运动损伤的预防,导致其提前结束运动生涯。本次调研主要通过文献资料法、问卷调查法以及访谈调查法了解我校摔跤项目82名摔跤运动员的基本情况,运动损伤产生的原因、预防运动损伤、损伤后的康复,为今后开展工作奠定基础。从摔跤运动损伤的特点、部位、损伤的成因、损伤的预防等主要问题进行了探析,使教练和运动员对摔跤训练中容易受伤的部位进行特别保护,并针对易伤关节开展对应的专门性保护训练,减少由于关节损伤给比赛或训练带来的影响。同时摸清运动员训练过程的发病规律,从而开展更具针对性的保护措施,减少由于伤病而给运动员带来的比赛影响,延长摔跤运动员的职业运动生涯和提高摔跤运动员运动水平。经过调研得出以下结论:(1)摔跤专项运动损伤的发生率很高。(2)身体各部位按照损伤发生频繁程度从经常性损伤到偶尔损伤依次是:“膝、肩、腰、指、肘”。(3)关节扭伤、肌肉拉伤和软组织挫伤是我校摔跤运动员最容易出现运动损伤的类型。(4)运动损伤程度以轻度损伤和中度损伤为主。(5)运动损伤发生的性质急性损伤高于慢性损伤。(6)产生运动损伤最主要的原因是技术动作不规范,并且往往是由于训练过程中的某些动作导致的。(7)预防运动损伤的意识或者产生运动损伤的康复训练意识不够强,会导致更严重的运动损伤。
[Abstract]:Urumqi Sports School shoulders the important task of training high-level sports teams for the country, autonomous region, and colleges and universities, and conveys sports reserve talents. Wrestling is the key construction project of Urumqi Sports School. With the rapid development of the school in recent years, teaching and training are required to be more and more scientific and standardized. Intense sports using various techniques and tactics. Because of its great intensity, fierce confrontation, flexible changes in technical movements, it is easy to cause sports injuries, and the lighter degree of injury will result in athletes having difficulty in carrying out normal sports training for a period of time. However, serious injuries will end athletes' sports careers and even cause permanent physical and mental injuries. At present, although our school's wrestlers have excellent results in sports, they are the reserve talent training bases for wrestlers throughout the country. Many outstanding athletes did not pay attention to the prevention of sports injuries during their adolescence, leading them to end their sports careers early. The basic situation of 82 wrestlers in wrestling events, the causes of sports injuries, the prevention of sports injuries and the recovery after injury were investigated by questionnaire and interview. From the aspects of the characteristics, parts, causes, prevention and other main problems of wrestling sports injury, the coaches and athletes can protect the vulnerable parts in wrestling training. In order to reduce the influence of joint injury on the competition or training, the corresponding special protection training is carried out for the vulnerable joints. At the same time, the attack law of athletes during the training process is found out, so as to carry out more targeted protection measures. To reduce the impact of injuries on athletes, Extend professional sports career of wrestlers and improve wrestlers' sports level. The following conclusion is drawn through investigation: 1) the incidence of wrestling sports injuries is very high. 2) the body parts according to the frequency of injuries occur from the meridian. The order of routine injury to occasional injury is: "knee," Shoulder, waist, finger, elbow ". Muscle strain and soft tissue contusion are the most likely type of sports injury for wrestlers in our school. (4) the degree of sports injury is mainly mild and moderate injury. 5) the nature of acute injury is higher than that of chronic injury. The main reason for sports injury is that the technical action is not standardized. And it is often due to some actions in the process of training that the awareness of preventing sports injury or the consciousness of rehabilitation training that produces sports injury is not strong enough, which will lead to more serious sports injury.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G886.2

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