中学生足球联队运动员身体素质及损伤特征

发布时间：2018-02-28 16:43

本文关键词： 中学生足球运动员身体素质运动损伤下肢力量下肢平衡　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：足球运动在我国近几年来开展地越来越好,在国家对足球的大力扶持下,越来越多的孩子参与到了足球运动之中。随着年龄的增长和训练水平的提高,中学生足球运动员的伤病发生率呈现逐年增加的趋势。此前针对青少年足球损伤预防方面的研究,大多停留在问卷调查的层面,定量的研究非常少。本研究选择中国中学生足球联队作为观察对象,测试中学生足球联队运动员的一般身体素质,用直观的数据来描述中学生足球联队运动员的身体素质特征,结合已知的风险因素对一般身体素质特征进行分析,总结可能造成伤病的原因,针对性的提出相应的防治措施,改善中学生运动员的身体素质,提高中学生足球运动员损伤预防的能力。同时,本研究通过汇总优秀中学生足球运动员的身体素质特征数据,为U17年龄段足球运动员康复提供参考依据。第一部分研究通过系统性测试的方式对优秀中学生足球运动员进行了测试并取得了相关数据。测试包含10方面,共11项测试,通过分析速度、灵敏、耐力、功能动作、核心稳定性、下肢爆发力、核心肌肉力量、下肢肌肉力量、下肢稳定性、膝关节生物力学特征来总结中国中学生足球联队运动员的身体素质特征,为U17年龄段的足球运动员康复提供依据。第二部分研究通过分析测试结果发现,中学生足球运动员在身体素质方面还是表现出一些问题,通过对损伤因素的分析,有针对性的提出预防损伤的建议来帮助运动员避免非意外伤害。研究结论:中学生足球联队运动员乆绳肌向心力比股四头肌向心力量弱,股四头肌和乆绳肌之比(Q/H)为1:0.72,存在乆绳肌损伤和前交叉韧带损伤风险;中学生足球联队运动员小腿优势侧比非优势侧向心力量强,优势侧比非优势侧多10%;中学生足球联队运动员股四头肌向心力比乆绳肌离心力大,股四头肌向心肌力和乆绳肌离心肌力比(QC/HE)为1:0.65,存在乆绳肌损伤风险;康复训练可以有效降低中学生足球联队运动员损伤的发生率。
[Abstract]:Football in our country in recent years, the development of more and better, in the national support for football, more and more children to participate in football. With the increase of age and improve the training level of athletes, high school football injury rate has increased year by year. Prior to the prevention of youth football injury, most remain in the survey level, quantitative research is very little. This study Chinese middle school football wing as the object of observation, general physical fitness test students united football players, with intuitive data to describe the physical characteristics of middle school students united football players, with known risk factors for general physical characteristics analyze, summarize the reasons may cause injury, put forward corresponding preventive measures, improve the student athlete's body The quality, improve the ability of soccer athletes injury prevention of middle school students. At the same time, this study through the physical characteristics of data collection of excellent students soccer athletes, and provide the reference for the U17 age football player rehabilitation. The first part of the study through the system test of excellent students football players were tested and obtained the test contains 10 related data. A total of 11 tests, through the analysis of speed, stamina, agility, movement function, core stability, explosive force, core muscle strength, lower limb muscle strength, limb stability, biomechanical characteristics of knee joint to summarize the physical characteristics of middle school students China United Football athletes, to provide the basis for rehabilitation of football players ages U17. The second part of the study through the analysis of the test results showed that the high school football athletes in physical fitness or show Some problems, through the analysis of the damage factors, put forward the suggestion of injury prevention to help players avoid non accidental injury. Conclusion: students United Football Athletes people hamstring centripetal force than the stock four muscles centripetal force is weak, the stock four muscles and hamstrings people ratio (Q/H) for 1:0.72. There are people of hamstring muscle injury and ACL injury risk; school football athletes United side leg advantage than non superiority side of centripetal force, dominant side than non superiority side of 10% middle school students; United Football Athletes stock four muscles centripetal force than people hamstring large centrifugal force unit four biceps muscle force and centripetal hamstring eccentric person than (QC/HE) 1:0.65, are kind of risk of hamstring muscle injury; rehabilitation training can effectively reduce the incidence of injury. The United Soccer Athletes

【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G843

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