父母体力活动对学龄前儿童体力活动及认知的影响

发布时间：2018-03-05 01:16

本文选题：学龄前儿童　切入点：体力活动　出处：《上海体育学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：开究目的：本研究通过对上海市学龄前儿童体力活动水平、认知以及父母体力活动水平的测量,旨在了解上海市学龄前儿童的身体活动状况；探讨不同程度的学龄前儿童体力活动水平对认知的影响,及父母体力活动对学龄前儿童体力活动的影响,为今后学龄前儿童认知与体力活动的研究开展提供科学依据。研究对象与方法：面向上海市各幼儿园招募306名3-5岁学龄前儿童,所有受试者及家长连续佩戴加速度传感器ActiGraph GT3X+一周,收集静坐、低强度体力活动水平、中等强度体力活动水平、中到大强度体力活动水平,同时用中国-韦氏幼儿智力量表对学龄前儿童的认知进行评估。数据采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析,符合正态分布的数据以平均数±标准差(X±S)表示,不符合正态分布的数据用中位数和四分位间距表示；学龄前儿童体力活动对认知的影响采用线性回归分析,父母体力活动对学龄前儿童体力活动水平影响采用Person相关；符合正态分布的组间比较采用独立样本T检验,不符合正态分布的组间比较采用非参数U检验；以P0.05为统计学上具有显著性差异。研究结果：1.上海市学龄前儿童达到世界卫生组织的推荐量——幼儿每天至少累计中到大强度体力活动60分钟的比例仅为27.3%。2.控制年龄、性别、父母学历、父母婚姻状况、行为量表得分、家庭收入、BMI等因素的影响,分析不同体力活动水平对认知的影响,发现低强度体力活动(Light physical activity, LPA)和中等强度体力活动(Moderate physical activity, MPA)与认知有显著的正相线性关系,而中到大强度体力活动(Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, MVPA)对认知无显著关联性。LPA和MPA两个强度体力活动水平所对应的标准线性回归系数分别为0.125和0.128,提示MPA对认知的影响更大。3.工作日晚上幼儿与家长的静坐、LPA、MPA,双休日白天幼儿与家长的静坐、LPA、MPA、MVPA以及双休日晚上幼儿与家长的静坐均有较强的相关性,尤其是静坐在各个时间段均显著相关。结论：1.低强度、中等强度体力活动与学龄前儿童认知水平的发展密切相关,今后要加强儿童体力活动的发展,以促进其认知水平的提升。2.父母体力活动水平会对孩子造成影响,因此,为保证学龄前儿童的良好发展,父母应言传身教,意识到体力活动的重要性,加强自身体力活动水平,树立良好榜样。3.上海市学龄前儿童体力活动达标情况不容乐观,需加强对低年龄儿童体力活动水平的关注,制定相关政策,促进体力活动水平的提升。
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study was to investigate the physical activity of preschool children in Shanghai by measuring their physical activity level, cognition and parents' physical activity level. To explore the influence of physical activity level of preschool children on cognition, and the influence of physical activity of parents on physical activity of preschool children. Objective and methods: 306 preschool children aged 3-5 years were recruited from kindergartens in Shanghai. All subjects and parents wore accelerometers ActiGraph GT3X for a week and collected sit-ins, low-intensity physical activity levels, moderate physical activity levels, medium to high-intensity physical activity levels. At the same time, the cognition of preschool children was evaluated with the China Wechsler scale of Infant Intelligence. The data were analyzed statistically by SPSS 19.0 software, and the normal distribution data were expressed as mean 卤standard deviation X 卤S). The data which did not accord with normal distribution were expressed by median and quartile spacing, the effect of physical activity on cognition of preschool children was linear regression analysis, and the influence of parents' physical activity on the level of physical activity of preschool children was correlated with Person. Independent sample T test was used for comparison between groups with normal distribution, and non-parametric U test was used for comparison between groups that did not accord with normal distribution. There was significant statistical difference between the two groups. The result of the study was: 1.The proportion of preschool children in Shanghai reached the recommended amount of the World Health Organization (WHO)-the proportion of children who accumulated at least 60 minutes of intensive physical activity per day was only 27.30.2. controlling age, sex, and sex, The effects of parental education, marital status of parents, behavioral scale score, family income and BMI were analyzed, and the effects of different levels of physical activity on cognition were analyzed. It was found that there was a positive linear relationship between light physical activity (LPA) and moderate physical activity (MPAs). However, the standard linear regression coefficients of moderate to high intensity physical activity (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, MVPA) on cognitive activity were 0.125 and 0.128, respectively, suggesting that MPA had a greater effect on cognition. There was a strong correlation between LPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-MPA-M@@. Conclusion 1. Low intensity and moderate intensity physical activity is closely related to the development of preschool children's cognitive level, and the development of children's physical activity should be strengthened in the future. In order to promote the improvement of their cognitive level, parents' level of physical activity will have an impact on their children. Therefore, in order to ensure the good development of preschool children, parents should teach themselves through words and deeds, realize the importance of physical activity, and strengthen their own level of physical activity, Setting a good example. The physical activity of preschool children in Shanghai is not optimistic. It is necessary to pay more attention to the level of physical activity of children of low age and make relevant policies to promote the level of physical activity.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G804.49

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