美国《残疾青少年健康体适能测试标准》研究及启示

发布时间：2018-03-05 13:42

本文选题：体适能测试标准　切入点：残疾青少年　出处：《上海体育学院学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：通过对《美国残疾青少年健康体适能测试标准(Brockport Physical Fitness Test,BPFT)》研制的历史背景与发展历程、目标、内容、原理等方面的探讨,认为:(1)BPFT的研制离不开相关法律法规中对残疾群体教育公平、非歧视性原则与个性化需求的强制性规定,是健康体适能测试领域的进一步完善与发展;(2)BPFT的目标是为不同残疾青少年提供健康相关体适能的测试与评价标准,发展对残疾青少年健康体适能有促进作用的教育内容;(3)BPFT的研制基于残疾青少年身体活动及健康体适能的相关需求;测试项目的选择基于残疾青少年的身体特征和个性化需要,并依据其功能丧失的影响进行调整;(4)BPFT身体成分、有氧功能标准的设定主要参考已有研究中指标与慢性病风险相关的临界值;骨骼肌功能标准则由专家在综合常模研究数据、内科医生的推荐值和参考残疾青少年独立生活需求的建议值后确定。据此,对研制我国《残疾青少年体质健康标准》提出启示:(1)制定残疾青少年体质与健康测试相关的法律、法规,鼓励和支持相关的研究;(2)以BPFT研制为参照,研发本土化的残疾青少年体质健康测试标准;(3)建立标准参照评价的残疾青少年体质健康标准,满足个性化需求。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the historical background, development course, objectives, contents, principles and so on of the development of Brockport Physical Fitness Test for physical Fitness of disabled Adolescent in the United States (Brockport Physical Fitness Test BPFTFT). The author holds that the development of BPFT can not be separated from the mandatory provisions of the relevant laws and regulations on the principle of fairness, non-discrimination and individualization of education for disabled groups. The goal of BPFT is to provide health related fitness testing and evaluation criteria for adolescents with different disabilities. The development of BPFT is based on the needs of physical activity and fitness of adolescents with disabilities; the selection of test items is based on the physical characteristics and individual needs of adolescents with disabilities. According to the influence of loss of function, the body composition of BPFT is adjusted. The establishment of aerobic function standard mainly refers to the critical value of the indexes related to the risk of chronic diseases in existing studies, while the functional standard of skeletal muscle is synthesized by experts in the study of norm data. The recommended value of physicians and the recommended value of reference to the independent living needs of young people with disabilities are determined. Based on this, the author puts forward a revelation to the development of China's "Standards of physical Health of adolescents with Disabilities" (1) and formulates laws relating to physical fitness and health testing of young people with disabilities. Laws and regulations to encourage and support related research on the basis of BPFT development, research and development of indigenous standards for the physical health of young people with disabilities to establish the standard of reference to evaluate the physical health of young people with disabilities to meet the personalized needs.
【作者单位】：南京航空航天大学体育部;
【基金】：江苏高校哲学社会科学基金资助项目(2014SJD114)
【分类号】：G804.49

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