稳定与非稳定条件下不同负重对人体肌群表面肌电RMS的影响——基于对保加利亚深蹲3种负荷的设计

发布时间：2018-03-06 23:24

本文选题：非稳定　切入点：肌电　出处：《中国体育科技》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:为了探讨稳定与非稳定条件下不同负重对人体肌群RMS的影响。方法:运用实验法、测试法及肌电分析等方法,对12名田径运动员在稳定与非稳定条件下不同负重(0%RM、30%RM及60%RM)的保加利亚深蹲有关肌群(11块)进行了肌电测试与分析。结果:1)通过方差分析发现,负重因素影响肌肉的数量最多(P0.05,P0.001),且贡献值也均大于其他因素;2)不考虑负重因素时,稳定与非稳定条件下产生的总体效果相差不大,但是,肌群的用力模式组合存在差异,非稳定条件突出了后部肌群(竖脊肌、股二头肌、腓肠肌),而稳定条件突出了腿前部的股四头肌(股直肌、股内侧肌、股外侧肌),在考虑负重因素时,仅在0%RM时,非稳定较稳定刺激了更多的肌肉;3)随着负重的提升,稳定与非稳定条件下的大部分肌肉活性均显著性提高;4)0%RM时,非稳定条件产生的效果优于稳定条件(P0.05),而当负重达到30%RM时,则表现为稳定条件更优(P0.05),当负重提高到60%RM时,两者没有太大差异(P0.05)。结论:1)不同条件的自由负重练习不仅要关注参与肌肉活性的改变,也应考虑用力模式的不同;2)随着负荷的增加,负重成为影响人体肌肉训练效果的主要因素;3)稳定-非稳定条件、负重与人体肌肉RMS存在一种交叉曲线关系,但它们并非对立,预示着非稳定练习应是一种有效辅助手段。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the effect of different load on RMS of human muscle group under stable and unstable conditions. Methods: the methods of experiment, test and electromyography were used. The electromyography tests and analyses of 12 track and field athletes with different weights bearing different weights under stable and unstable conditions, including RM30RM and 60 RMs, were carried out in Bulgaria. The maximum number of muscles affected by weight loading was P0.05G / P0.001g, and the contribution value was higher than that of other factors.) when the load factor was not taken into account, the overall effect under stable and unstable conditions had little difference. However, there was a difference in the strength pattern combination of muscle group. Unstable conditions highlight the posterior muscle group (vertical spinal muscle, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius muscle), while stable conditions highlight the quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, medial femoris, lateral femoral muscle) in the front of the leg. With the increase of load, the muscle activity of most of the muscles increased significantly under stable and unstable conditions. The effect of unsteady condition was better than that of P0.05 when the load reached 30RM, but when the weight load reached 30RM, the effect of unsteady condition was better than that of P0.05N, when the load reached 30RM, the effect of unsteady condition was better than that of stable condition (P 0.05). When the load is increased to 60 RM, there is no significant difference between the two. Conclusion the free weight loading exercises under different conditions should not only pay attention to the change of muscle activity. We should also consider the difference of exertion mode (2) with the increase of load, load is the main factor that affects the effect of human muscle training. (3) the condition of stability and unstability. There is a kind of cross curve relation between load and RMS of human muscle, but they are not opposite. This indicates that unstable exercises should be an effective auxiliary means.
【作者单位】：吉林大学;
【基金】：国家体育总局奥运攻关项目(2015HT032)
【分类号】：G804.6

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