高水平乒乓球运动员的行为抑制特点研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 00:32

本文选题：乒乓球　切入点：运动经验　出处：《成都体育学院学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨高水平乒乓球运动员的行为抑制能力特点,了解乒乓球运动经验与行为抑制能力的关系。方法:按照运动等级将被试分为高水平组(健将级)、中等水平组(国家二级)和低水平组(非运动员),对Go/No-go范式的反应方式加以改进,通过短距离和长距离按键反应,选取一般任务和经验任务探讨运动经验对乒乓球运动员行为抑制能力的影响以其迁移效应。结果:1)在短距离按键反应中,高水平组在一般任务中的反应时显著小于其他两组(P0.01,P0.001),在经验任务中的反应时也显著小于其他两组(P0.01,P0.001),中等水平组和低水平组无显著差异(P=0.411,P=0.225),在一般任务的错误率上高水平组显著小于低水平组(P0.05);2)在长距离按键反应中,高水平组的抑制优势进一步扩大,并且在与经验相关的任务中,中等水平组被试的动作抑制时间也显著小于低水平组(P0.001)。结论:与非运动员相比,高水平乒乓球运动员具有较好的行为抑制能力,这种抑制优势不仅体现在与运动经验相关的任务中,还能够迁移到一般认知任务中,而中等水平的乒乓球运动员只在与经验相关的任务中表现出行为抑制能力的优势,长距离的按键反应方式更能突出运动员的行为抑制能力特点。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the characteristics of behavior inhibition ability of high level table tennis players. To understand the relationship between table tennis experience and behavior inhibition ability. Methods: according to the exercise level, the subjects were divided into high level group (fitness level), middle level group (national second class) and low level group (non-athlete). The way the reaction is improved, Through short distance and long distance keystroke reaction, general task and experience task were selected to explore the influence of sports experience on table tennis players' behavior inhibition ability and its migration effect. Results: 1) in short distance keystroke response, The response time of the high level group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups in the general task and the other two groups. The response time in the experience task was also significantly lower than that in the other two groups. There was no significant difference between the middle level group and the low level group. The error rate of the general task was high. In the long distance keystroke response, the level group was significantly smaller than the low level group (P 0.05). The inhibition advantage of the high level group was further expanded, and in the tasks related to experience, the action inhibition time of the middle level group was significantly shorter than that of the low level group (P 0.001). Conclusion: compared with the non-athletes, the inhibition time of the middle level group was significantly lower than that of the low level group. The high level table tennis players have better behavior inhibition ability, which is not only reflected in the tasks related to sports experience, but also can be transferred to the general cognitive tasks. The middle-level table tennis players only display the advantage of travel behavior inhibition ability in the tasks related to experience, and the long-distance keystroke reaction mode can highlight the characteristics of the athletes' behavior inhibition ability.
【作者单位】：上海体育学院乒乓球运动智能化研发中心;国家体育总局;
【基金】：上海市科委项目“双色塑料乒乓球动静态力学特征及运动员竞技能力提升的关键技术研究”(14490503500) 国家体育总局科研项目“乒乓球运动在延缓老年人认知老化中的作用及其机制”(2015B064)
【分类号】：G846

【相似文献】