6-8岁儿童前臂骨密度发育特征及形态学影响因素的追踪研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 18:12

本文选题：骨密度　切入点：儿童　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的:探讨儿童时期前臂骨密度的发育情况及其发育特征,了解身体成分及发育类型对骨密度的影响,为研究人体前臂骨密度变化规律提供依据。研究方法:取得家长同意并由家长签署知情同意书后进行3年追踪测试,跟踪测试指标为:身高、体重、体脂率、前臂骨密度。2013年还进行了骨龄测试。除去转学,测试期间病假等原因后,取第一年截止测试日期时为6岁的学生,进行数据分析,共289人(年龄6.6±0.2岁),其中男童146人,女童143人。结果:1.儿童前臂骨密度基本情况为6岁男童0.238±0.063g/cm2,女童0.225±0.061g/cm2;7岁男童0.224±0.045g/cm2,女童0.199±0.031g/cm2;8岁男童0.220±0.039g/cm2,女童0.199±0.040g/cm2。将男女骨密度进行独立样本t检验,在7岁、8岁时,男童骨密度大于女童,差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。2.同一人群3年骨密度值方差分析,女童和男童均有下降趋势(p0.05),女童下降人数与幅度均大于男童。3.早发育类型儿童占全体受试对象28.4%,正常发育类型63%,晚发育类型8.6%。分别以体重和身体质量指数为协变量,对3个年龄段不同生长发育类型间骨密度的差异进行协方差分析,结果均无统计学差异。3.骨密度与身高的偏相关结果无统计学意义;与体重的偏相关结果6到8岁均具有统计学意义,r=0.200(p0.01)、r=0.124(p0.05)、r=0.176(p0.01);与身体质量指数的偏相关结果均有统计学意义,r=0.223(p0.01)、r=0.134(p0.01)、r=0.183(p0.01);骨密度与体脂率、瘦体重占比的偏相关分析都无统计学意义。4.骨密度变化量只与身高变化量的偏相关结果有统计学意义,r=-0.138(p0.05);各指标变化的P25与P75人群的骨密度变化量独立样本t检验结果中也只有身高这一指标具有统计学意义。5.建立假设回归模型,各年龄段多元线性回归分析后,7岁时调整R2最高为0.104,性别和BMI进入模型。6.6-8岁的超重肥胖率累计男童超过40%,女童超过30%,6岁到8岁男性肥胖率由21.9%上升到27.4%;女生的肥胖率从20.3%到18.2%。结论:同一批儿童追踪研究发现,6-8岁期间前臂骨密度随年龄增长而减少,女童比男童更为明显。体重、身体质量指数是6-8岁儿童前臂骨密度的影响因素。身高变化对前臂骨密度的变化有一定影响。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the development and developmental characteristics of forearm bone mineral density (BMD) in children, and to understand the effect of body composition and development type on BMD. Methods: after obtaining the parents' consent and signing the informed consent form, we carried out the tracking test for 3 years. The following indexes were: height, weight, body fat rate, and so on. Bone age test was also performed in 2013. After taking the reasons of transfer and sick leave during the test, 289 students (6.6 卤0.2 years old, 146 boys) were selected for data analysis, who were 6 years old at the end of the first year of the test. Results: 1.Results the BMD in children's forearms was 0.238 卤0.063 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys aged 6 years, 0.224 卤0.045 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys of 7 years old, 0.199 卤0.031 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys, 0.220 卤0.039 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys and 0.199 卤0.040 g / cm ~ (-2) in girls. The bone mineral density of boys was higher than that of girls when they were 7 years old or 8 years old. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Analysis of variance of bone mineral density (BMD) in the same population for 3 years, Both girls and boys had a downward trend (p 0.05), and the number and extent of the decrease of girls were larger than that of boys. Children with early development type accounted for 28.444.The normal development type was 63m, and the late development type was 8.6.The body weight and body mass index were covariables, respectively. The results of covariance analysis showed that there was no significant difference between BMD and height. There was no significant difference between BMD and height. The results of partial correlation with body weight were statistically significant between the ages of 6 and 8, and the results of partial correlation with body mass index were statistically significant, and the bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat rate (BMI) were 0.134p0.01r0.183 and 0.183p0.01; the bone mineral density (BMD) and the body fat rate (BMD) were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the results of partial correlation with body mass index (BMI) and body mass index (BMI). There was no statistical significance in the partial correlation analysis of lean weight ratio. 4. The results of bias correlation between BMD and height were statistically significant, and the BMD of P25 and P75 were tested by independent t-test. The result shows that only height is statistically significant. 5. A hypothetical regression model is established. After multiple linear regression analysis of different age groups, adjusted R2 was the highest 0.104 at the age of 7, the cumulative rate of overweight and obesity in the age group of sex and BMI entering model .6.6-8 years old was more than 40% for boys, and the rate of obesity for boys over 30 years old for girls aged 6 to 8 years increased from 21.9% to 27.4% for girls, and the rate of obesity for girls increased from 21.9% to 27.4%. The rate of obesity ranged from 20.3% to 18.2.Conclusion: the same group of children's follow-up studies showed that the bone mineral density of forearm decreased with age between 6 and 8 years of age. Body weight and body mass index were the influential factors of forearm bone mineral density in children aged 6-8 years. Height change had certain influence on the change of forearm bone mineral density.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.49

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