体育精神的哲学审视与实践观照

发布时间：2018-03-26 19:16

  本文选题：精神　切入点：体育精神　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：伴随着自然科学的迅速发展与社会分工的不断细化,注重向外在自然追寻的工具理性及实用主义对社会生活实现了全面控制和操纵:一方面,后工业社会创造了极其丰富的物质财富,日新月异的科技发展与迅猛的信息化,让人们切实感受到了科学技术所带来的实惠;另一方面,与之相随,前所未有的危机悄然降临,丰富的物质文明使人们生活日益便捷的同时,又不断剥蚀人的存在,不断消解社会精神文明发展。过分强调高效、便捷的实用主义,造成了人与自然、人与社会、人与自我的疏离,使人成为异化的"片面的人",不可避免地导致了精神的衰落。物质文明的极大丰富,将人们从"保种"的生存需要中解放出来,也使得人们更加关注与思考精神生活的构建。直面后工业社会裂变所带来的"不能承受的生命之轻",人们呼唤人文精神的诗性回归,寻求走出现代精神危机的出路,以重构人类的"精神家园"。受过度膨胀的工具理性观念影响,为功利主义所裹挟,体育被技能化、技艺化——体育运动被当作一种纯技术形式的身体活动,被当作是非人格化的技术规定性活动系统;体育课程被当作纯粹以运动项目为依托,进行运动技术教学、训练的活动;体育教学被当作以增强身体健康为唯一旨归的训练活动,以被分解了的一个个技术动作为内容,而被课课练。在这种特定的时代状况之下,体育被塑造为一种与心灵相隔离的训练活动,与系统身体训练的价值比肩而立的精神价值被忽略了,其深刻的精神内涵被遮蔽了,体育精神被遗忘在角落,与"心灵的勇气和身体的活力合为一体"的活动渐行渐远,仍然处于备受关注而又饱受争议的状况之中。正是基于此,对体育精神及体育精神培育问题展开研究,就具有十分重要的理论价值和实践意义。全文自始至终围绕"体育精神"这一主题,分为五章开展论证:第一章,导言。该部分通过对当代人精神困境、教育危机以及当前体育教育现实问题的反思,阐明了本研究的问题缘起和研究意义;接着,通过对国内外相关理论研究状况的梳理与述评,明确了本文研究的思路与方法。第二章,体育精神概述。在这一章里,运用哲学思辨和文献检索等方式,对"精神"进行了多维论证,阐发了对"精神"意蕴的见解;从深刻理解"精神"内涵入手,通过梳理分析中外学者"体育精神"的研究与界定,提出了本文核心概念:体育精神是体育活动中体现的人的行为价值观、态度、意志品质以及思想意识的总和,是体育活动的最高产物,是体育活动的灵魂;它是体育发展过程中的精微的内在动力,是对人们进行体育教育的基础。第三章,体育精神的历史溯源。体育精神是一个历史性、社会性的存在,随着体育发展的历程而萌生和不断丰富发展起来,它经过漫长的历史积淀,具有丰富的意涵与无限的活力。在这一章里,通过对体育精神的历史溯源,揭示了中西体育精神深层次的联系与区别,并阐明了体育精神"因何而起"、"因何而变"。第四章,体育精神的本质和价值。在这一章里,分别从社会性、历史性、民族性与世界性三个维度考察了体育精神的特点;从以人为本的人本精神、强身健体的乐生精神、积极主动的参与精神、公平正义的竞争精神、集体主义的团队精神、遵纪守规的道德精神和更快更高更强的超越精神等七个方面概括了体育精神的内核,并通过道德价值、审美价值、发展价值及社会价值四个方面依次阐述了体育精神的价值。第五章,体育精神现实问题与实践路径。在这一章里,通过对现实问题的考察以及体育精神培育实践路径的分析,首先从体育教育精神缺失、体育竞赛中精神异化以及体育舆论的片面导向三个方面结合实例,说明了体育精神的现实境遇;其次,哲学审视的根本目的是解决现实问题,因此从政府引导、教育引领与社会舆论导向等三个方面阐明了培养体育精神的实践路径。
[Abstract]:Along with the continuous refinement of rapid development of natural science and the social division of labor, pay attention to the instrumental rationality and pragmatism outward pursuit of social life of nature to achieve a comprehensive control and manipulation: on the one hand, after the industrial society created rich material wealth, change rapidly development of science and technology and the rapid information, so that people truly feel the science the benefits of technology; on the other hand, with the attendant, hitherto unknown crisis has come, rich material civilization makes people life more convenient at the same time, and constantly eroded people's existence, do not break the resolution of social spiritual civilization development. Too much emphasis on the efficient and convenient pragmatism, caused the human and nature, human and society people, and self alienation, alienation makes people become "one-sided", inevitably lead to spiritual decline. The great wealth of material civilization, people from "conservation" Survival needs of liberation, also makes people pay more attention to the construction and thinking of the spiritual life of the industrial society. The fission brought after the "face the unbearable lightness of being" poetic people, calling for the return of humanity, to seek out the spiritual crisis of the modern way to reconstruct the human "spiritual home". By instrumental rationality the influence of the concept of excessive expansion, as utilitarianism are coerced by sports skills, skills of sports as a pure technical form of physical activity, is a technical regulation impersonalized activity system; physical education curriculum is purely as a movement to project, sports technology teaching, training activities as a sports teaching; to enhance the health as the sole purpose of training activities, with a technical movement was decomposed as the content, and class exercises. In this era the specific situation Next, the sports is shaped as a separate and spiritual training activities, the value system of physical training and stand shoulder to shoulder the spiritual values are ignored, the profound spiritual connotation was obscured, the sports spirit was forgotten in the corner, drifted away from "spiritual courage and vitality of the body as one" activities, still in the high-profile and controversial situation. Based on this, the sports spirit and sports spirit cultivation problems, it has very important theoretical value and practical significance. This paper from first to last the theme "sports spirit", is divided into five chapters: the first chapter, to carry out demonstration through the introduction. On the contemporary spiritual dilemma, reflection education crisis and the current problems of physical education, this study clarifies the origin of the problem and research significance; then, based on the domestic and foreign research status comb And review, clear the ideas and methods of this research. The second chapter, the sports spirit overview. In this chapter, the use of speculative philosophy and literature retrieval, the "spirit" of the multi-dimensional demonstration, elaborated on the "spirit" meaning from opinion; profound understanding of the connotation of the spirit "analyze and define the Chinese and foreign scholars" sports spirit ", put forward the core concept of this article: the sports spirit is embodied in sports activities behavior values, attitudes, and the sum of will quality consciousness, is the highest product of sports activities, sports activities of the soul; it is the inherent power of sports development process the subtle, is the basis for the physical education of people. In the third chapter, the history of sports spirit. The spirit of sports is a historical and social existence, with the history of sports development and the initiation and constantly enrich and develop it. After a long history, with rich meaning and infinite vitality. In this chapter, the history of the sports spirit, reveal the relation and difference between Chinese and western sports spirit deeply, and clarifies the sports spirit of "what", "why". In the fourth chapter, the essence and the value the spirit of sports. In this chapter, separately from the social, historical, national and the three dimensions of the world to investigate the characteristics of the sports spirit; from the humanist spirit, the spirit of music students physical fitness, active participation in the spirit of fairness and justice, the spirit of competition, collectivism, team spirit seven aspects, obey the rules of moral spirit and faster higher and stronger spirit of transcendence in the sports spirit and aesthetic core, through moral value, value, development of four aspects of value and social value expounds the spirit of sports value fifth in turn. Chapter, sports spirit problems and the path of practice. In this chapter, through the investigation and analysis of the practical problems of the cultivation of sports spirit practice path, first from the lack of the spirit of physical education, sports competitions and sports spirit alienation of public opinion one-sided guidance three aspects combined with examples, illustrates the realistic situation of the sports spirit; secondly, the fundamental purpose of philosophy is to solve practical problems, so the government guidance, the three aspects of education and lead the public opinion guidance clarified the practice path of cultivating sports spirit.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G80-05
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本文编号：1669227