下肢膝、踝关节屈伸肌群sEMG测量的标准化研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 04:08

本文选题：表面肌电图 + 等速肌力　；参考：《西安体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:等速肌力测试、表面肌电图(sEMG)技术在康复保健、运动训练、体育科研以及医学领域中都有着重要的作用。本研究旨在获取下肢膝、踝关节各一组主要屈伸肌(包括腓肠肌和胫骨前肌、股直肌和股二头肌)等速肌力与sEMG之间的关系,以此来说明用sEMG来直接评价肌肉用力情况时需进行标准化的必要性;同时通过标准化前后不同人同一肌肉或同一人不同肌肉之间sEMG参数值的比较来确定静力性和动力性哪种运动方式作为标准化值来评价肌肉用力情况更有效。方法:本研究运用高速摄影,表面肌电图测量以及等速肌力测试等方法对西安体育学院12名体育系男生进行研究,获得右侧下肢膝、踝关节屈伸肌四块肌肉(腓肠肌外侧、胫骨前肌、股直肌、股二头肌)在不同收缩方式(最大随意等长收缩(MVIC))及不同收缩速度(60°/s、180°/s)下的表面肌电图及肌力矩值的结果以及跳深动作的sEMG值。结果:(1)相同肌肉收缩过程中,肌力矩值与MA(平均振幅)的变化趋势呈现高度相关,相关系数r在0.6以上。(2)不同收缩形式、不同收缩速度下,肌肉峰力矩值随着收缩速度的增加而减小,踝关节的屈伸肌在等速60°/s、180°/s向心收缩中,肌峰力矩值与MVIC肌峰力矩值之间存在非常显著的差异(P0.01、P0.01);膝关节的屈伸肌在等速60°/s、180°/s向心收缩中,肌峰力矩值与MVIC肌峰力矩值之间也存在显著性差异(P0.05、P0.05)。此外,踝、膝关节屈伸肌的峰力矩比差异性显著(P0.01、P0.05)。(3)不同收缩形式、不同收缩速度下,RMS(均方根振幅)、i EMG(积分肌电)值会随着收缩速度的增加而减小,踝关节屈伸肌在等速60°/s、180°/s的向心收缩中,RMS与MVIC的RMS值相比有显著性差异(P0.01、P0.01;P0.05、P0.01),踝关节屈伸肌在等速60°/s、180°/s向心收缩下,iEMG与MVIC的iEMG值相比均有非常显著性差异(P0.01);膝关节屈伸肌等速60°/s、180°/s向心收缩RMS、iEMG与MVIC相比也均有非常显著性差异(P0.01)。在相同收缩方式下,踝关节的屈伸肌对比中,伸肌的RMS、iEMG值均小于屈肌且P0.01差异性非常显著。而膝关节的屈伸肌对比中,最大等长随意收缩中伸肌的RMS小于屈肌的RMS值,P0.05差异显著,等速60°/s向心收缩、180°/s向心收缩的RMS值大于屈肌的RMS值,P0.05差异显著;最大等长随意收缩和等速180°/s向心收缩的iEMG值大于屈肌的iEMG P0.05差异显著,而等速60°/s向心收缩的IEMG值小于屈肌的IEMG P0.05差异显著。(4)跳深动作下肢肌肉sEMG标准化前后出现明显变化,踝关节屈伸肌RMS、iEMG值标准化后,以等速60°/s向心收缩为标准的标准化值与以MVIC为标准化的标准化值之间无显著性差异(P0.05),而以等速180°/s为标准的标准化值与以MVIC为标准化的标准化值之间差异性非常显著(P0.01);膝关节屈伸肌RMS、iEMG值标准化后,以等速60°/s和180°/s向心收缩为标准的标准化值与以MVIC为标准化的标准化值之间均存在非常显著的差异(P0.01).(5)跳深动作下肢肌肉sEMG标准化后的值与跳深腾起速度之间均有一定的相关性,标准化后以最大随意等长收缩的标准化值与跳深腾起速度的相关性最高,以等速60°/s和180°/s向心收缩的标准化值与腾起速度有一定的相关性,但相关程度不高,尤其是以180°/s向心收缩的标准化值会出现不相关的现象。结论:(1)不同收缩形式不同收缩速度下,肌肉在最大用力的情况下,肌力矩值与sEMG值的变化趋势呈高度正相关:肌肉收缩过程中肌力矩值与MA变化趋势一致;最大随意等长收缩下的肌峰力矩值、RMS及iEMG值最大,等速向心运动中肌峰力矩值、RMS及i EMG值均随收缩速度的增大而减小。(2)屈伸肌对比中,踝、膝关节的伸肌峰力矩值均大于屈肌,膝关节伸肌的RMS、iEMG值均大于屈肌,与峰力矩特征一致,而踝关节伸肌的RMS、iEMG值均小于屈肌,与峰力矩值特征相反。表明由于表面肌电信号采集过程中受到众多因素的干扰,若要实现肌肉之间sEMG的比较必须进行sEMG测量的标准化处理。(3)跳深动作下肢肌肉标准化前后的sEMG值比较情况发生了明显的变化,以最大随意等长收缩为标准的sEMG标准化值与跳深腾起速度的相关性最高,因此要进行不同人同一肌肉或同一人不同肌肉之间sEMG的比较以最大随意等长收缩作为标准最为合理。
[Abstract]:Objective: the isokinetic muscle strength test, surface electromyography (sEMG) technique plays an important role in rehabilitation health, exercise training, sports scientific research and medical field. The aim of this study is to obtain the relationship between the isokinetic muscle strength of the main extensor muscles of the knee and ankle joint (including the gastrocnemius and the anterior tibial muscle, the rectus femoris and the two head of the femoral head) and the relationship between the muscle force and the sEMG. This is to illustrate the necessity of using sEMG to directly evaluate the muscle force. At the same time, it is more effective to determine which type of static and dynamic mode of motion is more effective as a standardized value to evaluate the muscle force by comparing the sEMG parameters between the same muscles and the same muscles before and after standardization. 12 male students in Xi'an Physical Education University were studied by high speed photography, surface electromyography and isokinetic muscle strength test, and four muscles of the right leg knee and ankle flexor muscle (lateral of the gastrocnemius, the anterior tibial muscle, the rectus femoris, and the two head of the femoris) were obtained in the different contractions (the maximum random isometric contraction (MVIC)) and not in the right lower extremities. The results of surface electromyography and muscle torque at the same contraction velocity (60 /s, 180 /s) and the sEMG value of deep jumping action. Results: (1) during the same muscle contraction, the strength of muscle torque is highly correlated with the change trend of MA (average amplitude), and the correlation coefficient r is above 0.6. (2) different contraction forms, different contraction velocities, muscle peak torque values There was a very significant difference between the flexor and extension muscles of the ankle joint in 60 /s and 180 /s to the heart (P0.01, P0.01) in the contraction of the ankle joint. The flexor and extensor of the knee joint was also significant between the constant velocity of 60 degree /s, 180 degree /s to the heart and the peak torque value of the muscle peak and the peak torque of MVIC muscle. The difference (P0.05, P0.05). In addition, the peak torque ratio of the ankle and knee flexors is significant (P0.01, P0.05). (3) different contraction forms, RMS (root mean square amplitude), I EMG (integral EMG) decreases with the increase of contraction velocity at different contraction velocities, and the flexor and extension muscles of the ankle joint are in the concentric contraction of the isokinetic 60 degree /s, 180 degrees /s, RMS and MVIC RMS values. Compared with the significant difference (P0.01, P0.01; P0.05, P0.01), the flexor and extensor muscles of the ankle joint had a very significant difference between the iEMG values of iEMG and MVIC (P0.01) under the isokinetic 60 degree /s and 180 degree /s to the heart (P0.01); the extensor of the knee joint was 60 degree /s, and the 180 degree /s was contractile to the heart. In the contrast of flexor and extensor muscles of the ankle joint, the RMS and iEMG values of the extensors were less than the flexor muscles and the P0.01 difference was very significant. In the contrast of the flexor muscles of the knee joint, the RMS of the extensor in the maximum isometric contraction was less than the RMS of the flexor muscle, the P0.05 difference was significant, the isokinetic 60 degree /s was contractive, and the RMS value of the 180 degree /s centripetal contraction was greater than the RMS value of the flexor muscle and P0.05 difference. The iEMG value of the maximum isometric contraction and the isokinetic 180 /s centripetal contraction was significantly higher than the iEMG P0.05 of the flexor muscle, but the IEMG value of the contraction of the center of the heart was less than the IEMG P0.05 of the flexor muscle. (4) there was a significant change in the lower extremity muscle before and after the standardization of the lower limb muscles, and the RMS of the flexor and extensor muscles of the ankle joint was standardized by 6. There was no significant difference between the standard values of 0 /s centripetal contraction and the standardized values of MVIC (P0.05), while the standard values of the isokinetic 180 degree /s and the standardized values of the MVIC were very significant (P0.01); the RMS and iEMG values of the knee flexors, RMS, iEMG, and the isovelocity of 60 degrees /s and 180 degrees /s were centripetal. There is a very significant difference between the standardized values of contraction and the standardized values of MVIC (P0.01). (5) there is a certain correlation between the normalized value of the lower limb muscle of the lower limb muscles and the jumping speed of the deep jump, and the correlation between the standardized value of the maximum random isometric contraction and the correlation of the jumping speed after the standardization of the deep jumping of the lower limb muscles of the lower limb muscles. The standard value of centripetal contraction with isokinetic 60 /s and 180 degree /s has a certain correlation with the rising speed, but the correlation degree is not high, especially the normalized value of the centripetal contraction at 180 /s. Conclusion: (1) the muscle moment and sEMG value under the maximum exertion of different contraction forms at different contraction forms The change trend showed a high positive correlation: muscle torque was consistent with the MA trend during muscle contraction; maximum torque value of muscle peak under maximum random isometric contraction, RMS and iEMG value, muscle peak torque in the isokinetic concentric movement, RMS and I EMG values decreased with the increase of contraction velocity. (2) the peak torque of ankle and knee joint in flexor and extensor muscle contrast The RMS and iEMG values of the extensor of the knee joint are all larger than the flexors, which are the same as the peak torque characteristics, while the RMS and iEMG values of the ankle extensor are all smaller than the flexors, which are opposite to the peak torque values. It shows that the sEMG measurement for the comparison of the sEMG between the muscles must be carried out because of the interference of many factors during the collection process of the surface myoelectric signal. 3. (3) the comparison of the lower limb muscles before and after the standardization of the lower limb muscles has changed obviously. The correlation between the sEMG standardization value of the maximum random isometric contraction and the jumping speed is the highest, so the comparison of sEMG between the different muscles of the same person or the different muscles of the same person is the most arbitrary. Equal length contraction is the most reasonable standard.

【学位授予单位】：西安体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.6

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