核心力量训练对陕西省部分优秀女子拳击运动员体能的影响的研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 10:07

本文选题：女子拳击 + 核心力量　；参考：《西安体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:体能训练是拳击运动的基础,核心力量训练是运动员体能训练中的一个重要组成部分,对于提高运动员机能,促进身体素质的提高有着重要作用。陕西省女子拳击运动员队多名主力队员由于核心部位的力量、平衡、稳定性能力相对不足,在大负荷运动训练后,引起腰部的损伤,对正常训练造成一定影响,限制了运动员专项技术水平的提高。为备战2016年世界女子拳击锦标赛和2017年第13届全运会,在2015年冬训期间对陕西省重点女子拳击运动员进行核心力量训练,以期解决其核心力量不足,缓解和预防运动员腰部损伤,为运动员奠定良好的体能基础,并对运动员专项体能提高起到辅助作用,以保障运动员取得优异成绩。方法:选取陕西省拳击训练队6名较优秀的队员为实验对象,在2015年12月1日~2016年3月1日为冬训期,对运动员在2015年12月2日~2016年2月24日进行为期12周(共37次)的核心力量训练,对运动员在实验前后进行体能测试,测试指标:(1)身体功能性动作(FMS测试):深蹲、上跨步、直腿弓箭步、肩部灵活性、直腿主动上抬、躯干稳定俯卧撑和扭转/旋转稳定性。(2)身体素质:(1)力量素质:立定跳远、杠铃卧推、杠铃深蹲、1min仰卧起坐、1min俯卧撑、1min沙包、腰背部测试(屈/伸,侧屈);(2)速度素质:30m、100m和反应时;(3)灵敏素质:六边形跳;(4)柔韧素质:坐位体前屈;(5)耐力素质:2min跑、2min跳绳、3000m跑。(6)平衡素质:单脚闭眼站立。运用SPSS18.0统计软件对实验数据进行常规描述性统计,对研究对象在训练干预前后的结果进行配对T检验,以*P0.05为有显著性水平。结果:(1)运动员在冬训后身体功能性动作测试结果较冬训前均有显著性提高,深蹲、跨步、肩部灵活性、直腿主动上抬、躯干稳定俯卧撑、扭转/旋转稳定性(P0.05),直腿弓箭步(P0.001)。(2)身体素质:(1)力量素质:冬训后,运动员杠铃卧推有提高,但总体上不具有显著性(P0.05);杠铃深蹲显著提高(P0.05);立定跳远提高非常显著(P0.01),程度却大小不一;1min仰卧起坐显著提高(P0.05);1min俯卧撑提高非常显著(P0.01);腰背部测试(下背部)显著提高(P0.05);腰背部测试(左侧腰部)显著提高(P0.05);腰背部测试(右侧腰部)显著提高(P0.05);腰背部测试(腹部)提高非常显著(P0.01)。(2)速度素质:30m速度跑变化不显著(P0.05);100m速度跑显著提高(P0.05);反应时显著变快(P0.05)。(3)灵敏素质:六边形跳变化不显著(P0.05)。(4)柔韧素质:坐位体前屈提高非常显著(P0.01)。(5)耐力素质:2min跑提高极为显著(P0.001);2min跳绳提高非常显著(P0.01);3000m提高非常显著(P0.01)。(6)平衡素质:单脚闭眼站立(左/右)均有显著提高(P0.05)。结论:(1)冬训后运动员FMS身体功能性测试的7项指标均得到了显著性提高,其中,对称性动作中的躯干稳定俯卧撑和扭转/旋转稳定性提高幅度最大(均为69.5%)。(2)冬训后运动员身体素质有显著性提高。主要表现在:力量素质中的立定跳远、杠铃深蹲、1min仰卧起坐、1min俯卧撑和1min击打沙包;速度素质中的100m和反应时;柔韧素质中的坐位体前屈;耐力素质中的2min跑、2min跳绳和3000m跑;平衡稳定性中的单脚闭眼站立。(3)本次冬训中,针对运动员能力欠缺的核心力量进行针对性训练,取得了明显效益,使运动员整体体能得到显著提升,为运动员取得优异成绩奠定了良好的体能基础。
[Abstract]:Objective: physical fitness training is the basis of boxing, core strength training is an important part of athletes' physical fitness training. It plays an important role in improving the function of athletes and promoting the improvement of physical quality. The main players of Shaanxi women's boxing team are relative to the strength, balance and stability of the core parts. After the heavy load training, it caused the injury of the waist, which had a certain influence on the normal training and limited the special technical level of the athletes. In order to prepare for the 2016 World Women's Boxing Championships and the Thirteenth National Games in 2017, the core strength training for the heavy women boxers in Shaanxi Province was trained during the 2015 winter training period. In order to solve the deficiency of its core strength, alleviate and prevent the athlete's waist injury, lay a good physical foundation for the athletes, and play an auxiliary role in improving the special physical ability of the athletes in order to ensure the excellent performance of the athletes. Method: select the 6 better players of the Shaanxi boxing training team as the experimental object, in ~2016 December 1, 2015. In March 1st for the winter training period, the athletes were trained for 12 weeks (37 times) in February 24th December 2, 2015 ~2016. The athletes were tested before and after the experiment. The test indexes were: (1) physical function (FMS test): squat, stride, straight leg, bow and arrow, shoulder flexibility, straight leg lift, stable and prone body (2) physical quality (2) physical quality: (1) strength quality: standing long jump, barbell horizontal push, barbell deep squat, 1min sit ups, 1min push ups, 1min sandbags, waist back test (flexion / extension, side flexion); (2) speed quality: 30m, 100m and reaction; (3) sensitive qualities: hexagonal jump; (4) flexibility quality: sitting body forward flexion; (5) endurance quality: 2min run, 2mi quality N rope skipping, 3000m running. (6) balance quality: single foot closed eye standing. Using SPSS18.0 statistical software to perform routine descriptive statistics on experimental data, paired T test for the results before and after training intervention, with *P0.05 as a significant level. Results: (1) the results of physical function test of athletes after winter training were more than before winter training. Significant improvement, deep squat, stride, shoulder flexibility, straight leg lift, torso stable push up, torsion / rotation stability (P0.05), straight leg bow and arrow (P0.001). (2) physical quality: (1) strength quality: after winter training, the barbell horizontal push is improved, but in general, it is not significant (P0.05); the barbell squat is significantly improved (P0.05); the vertical long jump is raised. The high and very significant (P0.01) level was different; the 1min sit ups increased significantly (P0.05); the 1min push up was significantly increased (P0.01); the back test (lower back) was significantly improved (P0.05); the waist back test (the left waist) was significantly improved (P0.05); the waist back test (the right waist) was significantly improved (P0.05); the waist back test (abdomen) was improved very well. Significant (P0.01) (P0.01) (2) speed quality: 30m speed run changes are not significant (P0.05); 100m speed running significantly increases (P0.05); the reaction time is significantly faster (P0.05). (3) the sensitivity of the hexagon jump is not significant (P0.05). (4) the flexibility of the sitting body is very significant (P0.01). (5) endurance quality: 2min run is extremely significant (P0.001); 2min rope skip lift High and very significant (P0.01); 3000m improvement was very significant (P0.01). (6) balance quality: single foot closed eye standing (left / right) significantly improved (P0.05). Conclusion: (1) after winter training, the 7 indicators of FMS body functional test were improved significantly, of which, the stability of the torso and torsion / rotation stability in the symmetry movement was improved. The maximum (69.5%). (2) the physical quality of the athletes improved significantly after the winter training. The main manifestations were: the standing long jump, the barbell squat, the 1min sit ups, the 1min push ups and the 1min hitting the sandbags; the 100m and the reaction in the speed quality; the sitting body forward in the flexibility quality; the 2min running in the endurance quality, the 2min jump rope and 3000m. Running; the single foot and closed eye standing in the balance stability. (3) in this winter training, aiming at the core strength of the athletes' lack of ability, the targeted training has been carried out, and the obvious benefits have been achieved, so that the overall physical energy of the athletes has been significantly improved and a good physical basis has been laid for the athletes to achieve excellent results.

【学位授予单位】：西安体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G886.1

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