拓展训练对大学生排球队群体凝聚力影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 23:02

本文选题：群体凝聚力 + 拓展训练　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：排球是一项集体运动项目,取得比赛的最后胜利不仅需要队员有过硬的技术,更需要队员间互相了解、互相合作。这种队员之间相互吸引并愿意为了一个共同目标而去努力的向心力叫做群体凝聚力。群体凝聚力这一概念从引进国内到现在,学术界对它的研究比较多,并且从一开始只是理论分析的阶段过渡到了现在的用各种训练手段提高其水平的阶段,从运动项目上讲已经运用到了几乎大部分常见的项目;从受众群体上讲,拓展训练已经广泛普及到企业、学校等多个行业。拓展训练是一种体验式的学习过程,旨在让参训人员在玩乐游戏的过程中主动地去探索学习。本人试图探索拓展训练对业余排球队群体凝聚力的影响,把拓展训练引入到吉林大学专业队和业余队,并对比两者实验前后的变化,验证拓展训练对业余排球队群体凝聚力的短期时效性,为拓展训练引入其他各级别学校业余群体提供参考。从前人的研究成果看,更容易被学术界大众接受而且可信度比较高的评价体系就是卡伦在1982编制的《群体环境调查问卷》。本文依据卡伦环境问卷为基础,对该问卷做了些微调整,制定了《大学生排球群体凝聚力环境问卷》,并采用该环境问卷对吉林大学专业排球队和业余排球队进行实验前后的数据对比研究,通过研究得出以下结论:1.组建时间长的队伍的群体凝聚力高于组建时间短的队伍。吉林大学大学生业余排球队由于组建的时间不长,因此整体的凝聚力水平相对专业队较低,特别表现在队伍的交往凝聚力水平低。专业排球队整体的凝聚力水平较高,无论是交往凝聚力还是任务凝聚力都高于业余队,这些综合地表现在运动训练、竞赛和口常生活中,在训练中队员之间彼此配合较好,在生活中彼此交往较和谐。2.拓展训练对于新成立的业余球队更有短期时效性。拓展训练有助于新成立的业余球队在短时期内迅速提升群体凝聚力,特别是对群体交往凝聚力的提升。业余球队队员没有经过专业的训练,本身对运动员的定位跟专业运动员就有一定的差距,因此对目标的追求不太强烈,群体任务更倾向于娱乐,所以交往凝聚力的作用也就更大。3.拓展训练对大学生排球队交往凝聚力的作用大于任务凝聚力,业余队和专业队整体的交往凝聚力水平较任务凝聚力水平高。大学生排球队群体凝聚力提高的主要表现是:队员之间能做到主动沟通,在团队遭遇到困难和问题时能够积极的面对,能够保持积极乐观向上地心态,控制自身情绪,勇于面对竞争,求胜欲望更加强烈,集体荣誉感增强。
[Abstract]:Volleyball is a collective sport, the final victory of the game requires not only the players have excellent skills, but also the members understand each other and cooperate with each other. This kind of centripetal force that attracts each other and is willing to work towards a common goal is called group cohesion. From the introduction of the concept of group cohesion to the present, the academic research on it is more, and from the beginning is only a theoretical analysis of the stage of transition to the present with various training means to improve its level. Sports have been applied to almost most of the common projects; from the audience, expansion training has been widely spread to enterprises, schools and other industries. Development training is an experiential learning process, which aims to enable participants to actively explore learning in the process of playing games. I try to explore the influence of the development training on the group cohesion of the amateur volleyball team, and introduce the development training to the professional team and the amateur team of Jilin University, and compare the changes before and after the experiment. To verify the short-term effect of expansion training on group cohesion of amateur volleyball teams, and to provide reference for the introduction of other levels of school amateur groups. According to the previous research results, the evaluation system, which is more easily accepted by the academic public and more reliable, is Cullen's "Group Environment questionnaire", which was compiled in 1982. Based on the Karen Environment questionnaire, this paper makes some adjustments to the questionnaire. In this paper, the author made the Environmental questionnaire of College students' Volleyball Group cohesion, and used the questionnaire to compare the data before and after the experiment between the professional volleyball team and the amateur volleyball team in Jilin University. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. The group cohesion of the long-time group is higher than that of the short-time group. Because the amateur volleyball team of Jilin University is not established for a long time, the overall level of cohesion is lower than that of the professional team, especially in the low level of communication cohesion of the team. Professional volleyball teams as a whole have a higher level of cohesion, both in terms of communication cohesion and task cohesion than in amateur teams, which can be combined in sports training, competition, and oral life, in which players cooperate better with each other. Live in harmony with each other. Development training for the newly established amateur team has more short-term timeliness. The extended training will help the newly established amateur team to enhance the group cohesion in a short period of time, especially the group communication cohesion. Amateur team members do not undergo professional training, and there is a certain gap between the positioning of athletes and that of professional athletes. Therefore, the pursuit of goals is not very strong, and group tasks tend to be more entertaining. So the role of communication cohesion is also greater. 3. The effect of expansion training on college volleyball team communication cohesion is greater than that on task cohesion. The level of communication cohesion of amateur team and professional team is higher than that of task cohesion level. The main performance of the improvement of college volleyball team group cohesion is that the players can communicate actively, be able to face the difficulties and problems encountered by the team, maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, and control their own emotions. The courage to face the competition, the desire to win more intense, collective sense of honor enhanced.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842

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