2015年ATP年终总决赛选手发球战术的研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 02:31

本文选题：大师杯 + 发球　；参考：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今世界男子职业网坛,顶尖球员们都在不断改进和尝试寻找适合自己独有的得分方式,他们希望可以找到简单、实用的好武器以战胜所有选手,而发球则是各项武器库中最为简单有效地得分方式,网球发球技术是比赛中主要得分手段之一,在网球的各项技术中占有核心的地位。本研究以2015年ATP大师杯年终总决赛参赛的八名男选手作为调查对象,运用文献资料法、录像观察法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,对本赛事全部15场比赛发球各数据进行研究分析,并得出以下结论:1.八位男选手第一发球落点与第二发球落点存在明显差异,第一发球更多发向对方正手,其次发向对方反手,偶尔发向对手中路,第一发球主要以大角度调动对手为主,其目的在于利用发球优势先发制人压迫对手出现空当,再寻求后续的进攻得分。第二发球则更多的发向反手和中路,偶尔发向正手,是为了将发球落点更好的结合起来,以抑制和削弱对手对自己二发的进攻。2.八位男选手第一发球赢球率平均值明显高于第二发球赢球率平均值,说明第一发球成功后,掌握主动进攻得分比第二发球成功后,防守反击得分的可能性高,在日渐竞争激烈的男子职业网坛,提高第一发球的成功率是为能顺利保住发球局提供强有力的保障。3.从发球直接得分率的落点分布来看,大角度的内外角球更易于直接得分,而中路球更利于为下一板进攻创造有利机会。将第一发球直接得分率与第二发球直接得分率进行对比,两者无明显差异,但在得分方式上存在明显差异,第一发球通常是压迫性的主动得分,而第二发球则更多是非受迫性失误得分。4.第一发球、第二发球中路时机与第二发球偷袭外角时机存在共性,在开局第一分、比分领先和平分的情况下选手选择发中路和二发偷袭外角的比例有所增加,在比分落后时有所减少。更值得注意的是,八位选手在第二发球平分落后时偷袭正手的分值为0,也就是说选手们基本会在开局、比分领先和平分的情况下采用冒险战术,而在比分落后的情况下采用保守战术。
[Abstract]:In the world of professional men's tennis today, top players are constantly improving and trying to find the right way to score, hoping to find a simple, practical weapon to beat all players. Serve is the most simple and effective way to score in every arsenal. Tennis serve is one of the main scoring methods in the match, and it occupies the core position in every technique of tennis. In this study, eight male contestants who participated in the final of the ATP Masters Cup in 2015 were investigated, and the methods of literature, video observation, expert interview and mathematical statistics were used. Research and analyze the data of serve in all 15 matches in this competition, and draw the following conclusion: 1. 1. There is a clear difference between the first serve and the second serve of the eight male players. The first serve is more toward the opponent's forehand, the second is to the opponent's backhand, and the occasional serve is to the opponent's center. The first serve is mainly aimed at mobilizing the opponent at a large angle. The aim is to use the serve advantage to pre-emptively force the opponent to open, and then to seek subsequent attack points. The second serve is more backhand and center, and occasionally the forehand, in order to serve a better combination of the landing point, in order to suppress and weaken the opponent's attack on his second serve. 2. The average winning rate of the first serve of the eight male players was obviously higher than the average of the second serve, which indicated that after the success of the first serve, the probability of scoring the defensive counter-attack was higher after the success of the first serve than that of the second serve. In the increasingly competitive men's professional tennis arena, improving the success rate of the first serve is to provide a strong guarantee for the smooth maintenance of the service. From the point distribution of the direct scoring rate of the serve, it is easier for the inside and outside corner ball to score directly, while the middle ball is more favorable for the next board attack. There is no obvious difference between the direct scoring rate of the first serve and the direct score rate of the second serve, but there are obvious differences in the way of scoring. The first serve is usually an active score of compression. The second serve was more of an unforced error score of .4. The timing of the first serve, the second serve in the middle and the second serve sneak attack on the outer corner are in common. In the first point of the opening game, when the score is ahead and the score is equal, the proportion of players choosing to play the center and the second attack on the outer corner has increased. The score dropped when the score was behind. What is more noteworthy is that the eight players had a score of 0 when they fell behind in the second serve, which means that the players will basically take risks at the beginning of the game, when the score leads and points peacefully. And in the case of the score behind the use of conservative tactics.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G845

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