健康信念和社会支持对青少年体育锻炼影响的调查分析

发布时间：2018-05-21 16:06

本文选题：运动心理学 + 体质健康　；参考：《体育学刊》2017年03期

【摘要】：从健康信念与社会支持出发,探讨二者对青少年体育锻炼的影响。采用修订的体质健康信念量表、青少年社会支持量表和体育活动等级量表,对1 945名13~18岁学生(男747名,女1 198名)进行调查。结果表明:青少年具备相对合理的体质健康信念和社会支持,但锻炼状况却不能让人满意(强度小、持续时间短)。体质健康信念、社会支持和体育锻炼在青少年人口统计学性别和年级变量上存在差异,其中,女生社会支持水平高于男生,而男生体质健康信念和体育锻炼优于女生;预备班女生体质健康信念最高,男生锻炼持续时间最长;高二男生锻炼强度和频率最高;低年级女生锻炼持续时间优于高年级女生。体质健康信念、社会支持对体育锻炼的回归效应皆显著;在社会支持基础上,体质健康信念对体育锻炼回归效应显著,即社会支持在体质健康信念解释体育锻炼时具备部分中介效应。结论:体质健康信念和社会支持是影响青少年锻炼坚持性的重要变量;培养体质健康认知和信念、给予足够的社会支持,是促进青少年积极、自主参与体育锻炼的一个有效途径。
[Abstract]:Based on health belief and social support, this paper discusses the influence of health belief and social support on adolescent physical exercise. 1 945 students (747 males and 1 198 females) aged 13 to 18 years old were investigated with the revised physical Health belief scale, the Youth Social support scale and the Sports activity scale. The results showed that adolescents had relatively reasonable physical and health beliefs and social support, but the state of exercise was not satisfactory (low intensity and short duration). There were differences in physical health beliefs, social support and physical exercise in adolescent demographic gender and grade variables, among which, the level of social support of girls was higher than that of boys, while the belief of physical health and physical exercise of boys was better than that of girls. The female students in the preparatory class had the highest belief in physical health and the boys had the longest duration of exercise; the boys in senior two had the highest intensity and frequency of exercise; the girls in the lower grade had a better duration of exercise than the girls in the higher grades. The regression effect of physical health belief and social support on physical exercise was significant, and on the basis of social support, the regression effect of physical health belief on physical exercise was significant. That is, social support has partial mediating effect when explaining physical exercise by physical health belief. Conclusion: physical health belief and social support are the important variables that influence adolescent's exercise persistence, and cultivating physical health cognition and belief, giving sufficient social support, is a positive factor to promote teenagers. Independent participation in physical exercise is an effective way.
【作者单位】：上海杉达学院体育教研室;
【基金】：2016年度上海教育科学规划一般项目(C16009)
【分类号】：G804.8

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