残疾人乒乓球运动员成就动机与自我效能感相关性研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 04:31

本文选题：残疾人 + 乒乓球运动员　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：数据调查显示,全世界每年的残疾人数量在逐步增加。残疾给残疾人自身及其家庭乃至社会都带来巨大的压力和挑战。如何促进残疾人个体身心健康,使其融入到正常的社会生活之中,是每个国家始终面临的不可避免的问题和挑战。残疾人体育竞技,以将残疾人个体从病榻上解放出来为目的,通过公认的比赛的形式挑战残疾人运动员的身体或智力极限,促进其身心健康。残疾人乒乓球运动是中国体育事业和残疾人事业的重要组成部分,为我国取得众多荣誉。但是残疾人运动员体育竞技能力的进一步提高,仍有待于研究者的进一步探索。研究显示运动员的成就动机和自我效能感的高低对其比赛成绩有着重要影响作用,因此,残疾人乒乓球运动员的运动动机及自我效能感应该引起研究者和体育训练者的关注与重视。本研究采用文献资料法、问卷调查的方式,首先对58名健全人和残疾人乒乓球运动员的运动成就动机和自我效能感情况进行了调查分析,结果发现:无论残疾人还是健全人,乒乓球运动员的成就动机均处于中等以上水平,表明乒乓球运动员运动成就动机水平较高,其中在社会认可动机方面,残疾人运动员与健全人运动员之间存在显著差异,残疾运动员比健全运动员更加期望获得社会认可和赞许,但在竞技水平提高动机、感性体验动机方面,两者之间无显著差异;在自我效能感方面,残疾人与健全人运动员之间存在较大差异,其中在结果信念、可控制感方面,健全人运动员得分显著高于残疾人运动员,表明健全人运动员有更高的自我效能感,而残疾人在自我怀疑、易受干扰、无能为力感方面得分显著高于健全人运动员,表明残疾人运动员自我效能感更低。本研究进一步对残疾人乒乓球运动员的运动成就动机和自我效能感进行了分析,发现:男性残疾人运动员比女性残疾人运动员获得社会认可愿望更加强烈;高学历运动员感性体验得分显著高于低学历运动员,即高学历运动员期望从比赛中获得荣誉感、成就感等正性情绪的动机更强;竞技水平提高动机方面,残疾人乒乓球运动员整体处于较高水平,不存在性别、学历程度方面的差异,表明每位运动员都有较高的期望从比赛中获得提升、成长和进步的动机。在自我效能感方面,男女乒乓球运动员之间在无能为力和努力感方面上存在显著差异,且男性运动员在这两个维度上平均得分显著高于女性运动员,但运动员自我效能感与其文化水平、训练时长等无关。关于残疾人运动员运动成就动机与运动自我效能感的关系研究发现除运动训练控制感1和社会认可存在显著正相关,其余关系均不显著。未来运动员技能的进一步提高不仅需要要重视运动员战术水平的训练,更应该关注运动员心理素质的培养,特别是残疾人运动员更应如此。针对以上研究结果以及自我效能感相关理论,本研究提出了培养和提高残疾人运动员运动成就动机和自我效能感的建议,以期为残疾人乒乓球运动员更好的训练和比赛提供良好的心理干预策略。
[Abstract]:Data survey shows that the number of disabled people in the world is increasing gradually every year. Disability has brought great pressure and challenge to the disabled themselves, their families and even the society. How to promote the physical and mental health of the disabled and integrate them into the normal social life is the inevitable problem and challenge that every country is always facing. In order to emancipate the persons with disabilities from the sick bed, the disabled athletes will challenge the physical or mental limits of the disabled athletes and promote their physical and mental health through the form of recognized competitions. The disabled table tennis is an important part of the cause of Chinese sports and the disabled, and has made many honors for China. The further improvement of athletes' athletic ability remains to be further explored by the researchers. The research shows that the athletes' achievement motivation and self-efficacy have an important influence on their performance. Therefore, the sports motivation and self-efficacy of the disabled table tennis players should be caused by the researchers and sports training. This study investigates and analyzes the motivation and self-efficacy of 58 healthy and disabled table tennis players by means of literature and questionnaire. The results are as follows: the achievement motivation of table tennis players is above medium water, no matter the disabled or the healthy people. Ping shows that the sports achievement motivation level of table tennis players is high. There are significant differences between the disabled athletes and the healthy athletes in the social recognition motivation. The disabled athletes are more expected to receive social recognition and praise than the healthy athletes, but between the motivation of competitive water and the emotional experience motivation. There is no significant difference. In the sense of self-efficacy, there are great differences between the disabled and the healthy athletes. In the result belief and controllable sense of control, the score of healthy athletes is significantly higher than that of the disabled athletes. It shows that the healthy athletes have a higher sense of self-efficacy, while the disabled are self doubting, easily disturbed and powerless. This study further analyzes the motivation and self-efficacy of the disabled table tennis players, and finds that the male disabled athletes are more intense than the female disabled people, and the high degree of education is higher than that of the disabled. The scores of the athletes' perceptual experience are significantly higher than those of the low educated athletes. That is, the high educated athletes expect to get the sense of honor from the competition, and the motivation of positive emotion is stronger. The handicapped table tennis players are at a high level, there is no gender and the degree of education, indicating that each sport is different. In the sense of self efficacy, there are significant differences in the inability and effort between the male and female table tennis players, and the average score of the male athletes in these two dimensions is significantly higher than that of the female athletes, but the sense of self-efficacy of the athletes and their text are more than that of the female athletes. The relationship between the motivation of sports achievement and the sense of self-efficacy of the disabled athletes shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the 1 and the social recognition, and the other relations are not significant. The further improvement of the skills of the athletes should not only pay attention to the training of the athletes' tactical level, but also the further improvement of the skills of the athletes. More attention should be paid to the training of athletes' psychological quality, especially for the disabled athletes. In view of the above research results and the theory of self-efficacy, this study puts forward some suggestions for training and improving the motivation and self-efficacy of the disabled athletes in order to improve the training and comparison of the disabled table tennis players. The game provides a good psychological intervention strategy.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G846;G804.8

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