非遗后时期岳家拳的发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 06:25

本文选题：非物质文化遗产 + 岳家拳　；参考：《武汉体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：非物质文化遗产作为中国传统文化的精华,是一个民族生命记忆和文化基因的延续,具有深厚的文化底蕴,要实现其科学有序的发展绝非一朝一夕就能完成的文化工程。中国“非遗”由最初的起步阶段、到中间的“申遗热”阶段,现已经迈入了“非遗后”的规范化发展阶段,可谓是起步晚、发展快、成效大。但这种跨越式的发展,必然会产生一系列错综复杂的问题和挑战。因此,非遗后时期不仅要对前阶段一些细枝末节问题进行完善和修补,更要探索如何科学有效的传承,使非遗后工作更加有序的向纵深方向发展。本文主要采用文献资料法、田野调查法、访谈法等研究方法,以国家级非物质文化遗产——岳家拳为研究对象。梳理其源流与发展、解析其传承群体的构成与职责、传承的内容结构以及传承路径等;并在此基础上对相关问题进行探讨。研究认为,非遗后时期岳家拳的发展模式已初具形态,有其可借鉴的丰富经验,也存在一定的问题与不足。经验:1.岳家拳传承队伍由点及面扩大,针对不同层次的传承群体采取不同的培养方式;2.其传承路径不断向多元化发展,已经形成了以“教育传承”为核心,比赛展演、区域合作、媒介传播等多元并存的发展路径。不足:1.缺乏动态化的监督体系和考核制度。2.对一般性传承人和传习人扶持与帮助不够,无法形成一个有效的传承链。3.教学不规范、师资力量不足,两校资源结构混乱,未能实现互利共赢;校园传承封闭,内外传承不均衡。4.传承人文化身份和传承单位主体身份模糊不清。通过对岳家拳个案进行剖析,从而对传统武术在非遗后时期的发展提出相关建议:1.应加强保护主体与传承主体之间的合作与沟通,充分发挥传承群体各自的优势,使之形成合力。2.重视一般性传承人和传习人的关注,可以通过“半体制化”的方式来提高待遇;建立传习人“定向培养”和“交换培养”的教育机制。3.重新审视非遗的原真性,提高传统武术的训练科学化水平,优化其物质保障。4.从专家、政府和群众代表三方面建立评价与监督有效整合的监测机制。5.搭建活态展演的平台,打造非遗文化旅游城,营造氛围浓厚的文化生态圈。
[Abstract]:As the essence of Chinese traditional culture, the intangible cultural heritage is the continuation of a nation's life memory and cultural gene, and has profound cultural background. To realize its scientific and orderly development is not a cultural project that can be completed overnight. From the initial stage to the middle stage, China's "non-posthumous" has entered the stage of standardized development of "non-posthumous", which can be said to be a late start, rapid development and great results. However, this kind of leapfrog development will inevitably produce a series of complicated problems and challenges. Therefore, during the period of non-sequestration, we should not only perfect and repair some minor problems in the former stage, but also explore how to carry on the inheritance scientifically and effectively, so that the work of non-sequestration can be developed in a more orderly way. This article mainly uses the literature method, the field investigation method, the interview method and so on research method, takes the national level intangible cultural heritage-Yue Jia Quan as the research object. Combing its origin and development, analyzing the composition and responsibility of the inheritance group, the content structure of the inheritance and the inheritance path, etc., and on this basis to discuss the relevant issues. It is believed that the development mode of Yue Jia Quan in the non-posthumous period has taken shape and has rich experience which can be used for reference, as well as some problems and shortcomings. Experience 1. Yuejia Quan inheritance team is expanded by points and facets, and different cultivation methods are adopted for different levels of inheritance groups. Its inheritance path has been developing to diversification, and has formed a diversified development path with "education heritage" as the core, competition exhibition, regional cooperation, media communication, and so on. Less than 1: 1. Lack of dynamic supervision system and evaluation system. Not enough support and help for general inheritors and missionaries, can not form an effective inheritance chain. 3. The teaching is not standardized, the teacher strength is insufficient, the resources structure of the two schools is chaotic, and the mutual benefit is not realized; the campus inheritance is closed, and the internal and external inheritance is not balanced. 4. The identity of inheriting human culture and the identity of the main body of the inheriting unit are ambiguous. Through the analysis of Yue Jiaxuan case, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the development of traditional martial arts in the non-posthumous period. We should strengthen the cooperation and communication between the protection subject and the inheritance subject, give full play to the respective advantages of the inheritance group, and make it form the resultant force. To pay attention to the concerns of general inheritors and propagandists, we can improve the treatment by means of "semi-institutionalization", and establish the educational mechanism of "orientation training" and "exchange training". Re-examine the original nature of non-legacy, improve the traditional Wushu training scientific level, optimize its material security. 4. From the experts, the government and the masses of the three aspects of evaluation and supervision of effective integration of the establishment of monitoring mechanisms. Build a living performance platform, create a non-heritage cultural tourism city, create a strong atmosphere of cultural ecological circle.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G852.1

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