后殖民主义视角下的南非足球文化

发布时间：2018-06-04 13:05

本文选题：后殖民主义 + 南非足球文化　；参考：《成都体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：殖民时期的南非以其独特的地理位置、肥沃的土地以及廉价的劳动力深深地吸引着欧洲列强。南非在被迫沦为英国的殖民地后,在物质层面,殖民统治者采用土地的剥夺和肉体的奴役的手段来“收纳”南非土著人;在精神层面,殖民者则采用通过教会殖入足球的手段来教化土著人,企图以一种最能宣泄情感、最易同化大众的方式来“拉拢”黑人,使其在身体上、精神上高度认同英国足球文化,以达到真正的殖民目的。南非殖民历史和其足球文化的形成是相伴而生的。足球文化不仅包括足球运动本身的显性文化,还包括由足球运动衍生而来的价值观等隐性文化。南非足球世界杯带给南非的不仅仅是经济上的收益,还搭建了彰显其足球文化的舞台。世界杯上演的各民族肤色融合与民族和解,吸引着学者们来探讨民族和解背后的撬板—南非足球文化的形成过程。本文基于当代后殖民理论家霍米·巴巴的理论观点,以南非足球文化形成的历史脉络为研究对象,采用文献资料、个案与实证及文化学的研究方法,来分析南非足球文化的形成过程。研究表明南非足球文化的形成是在南非殖民统治者的足球霸权文化里,历经“流放”后黑人足球文化的萌芽、“失语”的黑人足球、黑白足球文化碰撞下的“模棱两可”、“模拟”足球文化的发展、以及多元文化碰撞融合而成的“间质空间”的过程,最终呈现出后殖民主义理论下和谐的局面。本文第一章分析白人霸权下被“流放”的黑人足球文化。在殖民统治者的政治版图里,白人足球的引进让黑人暂时可以逃避土地流失、身体流放及精神流放带来的痛苦,限于黑人之间的足球娱乐是其黑人足球文化的开端。第二章探讨白人霸权下“失语”的黑人足球文化。在白人殖民统治者眼里,黑人不配参与足球运动,也没有供黑人踢球的物质条件。这种失衡的黑人足球文化没有话语权,其表征则是“失语”的状态。第三章分析黑白足球文化的碰撞过程中“模棱两可”的状态。白人足球文化呈现出强势的姿态,却又担忧黑人进入其文化圈而丧失权威。黑人足球文化则呈现出欲拒还迎的纠结状态。第四章阐述黑白足球文化发展中黑人足球文化的“模拟”过程。在白人的强权下,黑人进入白人话语场的有效途径是模拟其足球文化,且这种模拟具有一定的积极能动性。该过程也是黑白足球文化共同发展的体现。第五章剖析黑白足球文化碰撞、融合而成的“间质空间”。笔者将足球场比作这一“间质空间”,足球场既是玩耍的有形场地,又是黑白足球文化共同发展的无形场所。在一定程度上,黑白足球文化能在足球场上进行有效的“对话”。第六章分析南非足球文化是黑白足球文化融合的结果。南非足球文化不仅是各民族和解的媒介,还是自我认可的载体。本文最后一章节详述曼德拉的足球政治与思想。曼德拉一生对足球的倡导源于足球具有强大的政治功能,主要是其具有缓冲黑白矛盾,最终实现南非民族和解的功能。本文结合足球运动与后殖民理论来论述南非足球文化的方式具有一定创新性,且其功能与后殖民所体现的和谐目的不谋而合。鉴于学者们对南非足球文化研究较少的情况,本文算是为其文化发展奉献了微薄之力。
[Abstract]:Colonial South Africa, with its unique geographical position, fertile land and cheap labor, was deeply attracted to the European powers. After being forced to become a British colony, the colonial rulers used the means of land deprivation and physical enslavement to "accept" the aborigines of South Africa at the material level; on the spiritual level, the colonists. By means of the means of the church colonized by the church to civilize the aborigines in an attempt to "close" the black people in a way that most catharsis and assimilate the masses, so that they can physically and mentally identify the British football culture in order to achieve a real colonial purpose. The football culture not only includes the dominant culture of the football sport itself, but also the hidden culture which is derived from the football movement. The South African Football World Cup brings South Africa not only the economic benefit, but also sets up the stage of showing its football culture. To discuss the formation process of South African football culture behind national reconciliation, this paper, based on the theoretical view of Homi Baba, a contemporary postcolonial theorist, takes the historical context of the formation of South African football culture as the research object, and uses literature, case and empirical and cultural research methods to analyze the shape of the football culture in South Africa. The study shows that the formation of South African football culture is in the football hegemony culture of the South African colonial rulers, the germination of the black football culture after "exile", the black football of "Aphasia", the "ambiguity" under the collision of black and white football culture, the development of "simulated" football culture, and the fusion of multicultural collisions. The process of "interstitial space" finally presents a harmonious situation under the theory of post colonialism. Chapter 1 analyzes the black football culture that is "exile" under the hegemony of the white hegemony. In the political editions of the colonial rulers, the introduction of white football allows the blacks to temporarily escape the loss of land, the physical exile and the pain of spiritual exile. The second chapter discusses the black football culture of "Aphasia" under the hegemony of white hegemony. In the eyes of the white colonial rulers, black people do not deserve to participate in football and have no material conditions for blacks to play. This unbalanced black football culture has no right to speak, and its representation is The state of "Aphasia". The third chapter analyzes the "ambiguous" state in the collision process of black and white football culture. The white football culture presents a strong posture, but it worries that black people enter their cultural circle and lose authority. The black football culture presents the tangled state of refusing to return. The fourth chapter expounds the black and white football culture development black. The "simulation" process of human football culture. Under the power of white people, the effective way for the black people to enter the white discourse field is to simulate their soccer culture, and the simulation has some positive initiative. This process is also the embodiment of the common development of black and white football culture. The fifth chapter analyses the cultural collision of black and white foot balls and the "interstitial space". The football field is compared to this "interstitial space". The football field is both a tangible field of play and an invisible place for the common development of black and white football culture. To a certain extent, the black and white football culture can carry out an effective "dialogue" on the football field. The sixth chapter analyses the result of the South African foot ball culture as the result of the fusion of black and white football culture. The non football culture is not only the medium of all ethnic reconciliation, but also the carrier of self recognition. The last chapter of this article details Mandela's football politics and thought. Mandela's lifelong advocacy of football has powerful political function, mainly it has the function of buffering black and white contradictions and finally realizing the function of national reconciliation in South Africa. The theory of football and post colonialism to discuss the way of football culture in South Africa has a certain innovation, and its function coincides with the harmonious purpose embodied in the post colonialism. In view of the few scholars' research on the football culture in South Africa, this paper gives a little effort to its cultural development.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G843

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