采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生执行功能的影响

发布时间：2018-06-07 01:46

本文选题：合作学习 + 篮球教学　；参考：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究背景:执行功能对于个体健康的成长起着决定性作用。研究表明,大学生人群中由于执行功能障碍会引发的孤独症、轻度精神分裂症,注意缺陷等问题。这一现象引起了许多学科领域专家的关注,因此如何改善和提高大学生执行已经成为执行功能研究的热点。近年来,国内外的一些研究已初步揭示体育锻炼对大学生执行功能具有积极效益,可以作为一种促进大学生执行功能发展的有效手段。高校体育课作为大学生运动的重要组成部分,不仅是以增强学生身心健康为主要目标的公共必修课程,更是实施素质教育和培养全面发展人才的重要途径。目前国内外研究主要集中在体育锻炼“剂量效益”与大学生执行功能的关系研究,而关于高校体育课程与大学生执行功能发展的关系研究尚未引起重视。如果能确立高校体育课程各环节与大学生执行功能发展的关系,则对于增进大学生身心健康,丰富体育运动与执行功能关系理论,以及高校体育教学改革理论与实践均具有重要价值。合作学习作为高校体育课程改革中重要方式,不仅有利于学生学会学习有关运动技能,而且对于达成社会适应、心理健康等方面的目标具有非常重要的作用。本研究拟进行一次有利的尝试,探索在高校篮球教学中采用合作学习是否能够促进大学新生执行功能的发展。研究目的:研究结合大学新生的身心发展特点,在篮球教学课中开展合作学习,探讨设计的8周采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生执行功能的影响,揭示高校体育课程对发展大学新生执行功能的作用。研究对象与方法:选取扬州某大学大一新生两个班的80名学生,随机分为实验组(40名学生)和对照组(40名学生)。对照组进行常规体育课教学,实验组进行8周的篮球合作教学。通过使用Flanker任务、More-odd shifting任务、2-back任务考察8周实验前后大学新生执行功能的抑制、刷新和转换三个子功能的变化。研究结果:(1)采用合作学习的篮球课能够促进大学新生执行功能的发展(F(1,58)=5.910,P≤0.05)。干预后,实验组大学新生的执行功能较干预前有显著的提高,而对照组大学新生的执行功能没有显著提高。(2)采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生执行功能子功能的影响存在差异。采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生转换功能产生积极的影响(F(1,58)=4.392,P≤0.05)。采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生刷新功能有显著的影响(F(1,58)=15.789,P≤0.01)。采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生抑制功能的影响不具有明显的促进作用(F(1,58)=0.216,P≥0.05)。研究结论:(1)采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生执行功能有良好的影响和促进作用;(2)采用合作学习的篮球课对大学新生刷新和转换功能有积极的影响,对抑制功能没有显著的影响。
[Abstract]:Background: executive function plays a decisive role in the healthy growth of individuals. The study shows that autism, mild schizophrenia, attention deficit and other problems may be caused by executive dysfunction in college students. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of many discipline experts, so how to improve and improve the implementation of college students has become the focus of executive function research. In recent years, some studies at home and abroad have preliminarily revealed that physical exercise has a positive effect on college students' executive function, which can be used as an effective means to promote the development of college students' executive function. As an important part of college students' movement, physical education is not only a public compulsory course aimed at enhancing students' physical and mental health, but also an important way to carry out quality education and train talents in an all-round way. At present, the research at home and abroad mainly focuses on the relationship between the "dose benefit" of physical exercise and the executive function of college students, but the research on the relationship between physical education curriculum and the development of college students' executive function has not attracted much attention. If we can establish the relationship between each link of physical education course and the development of college students' executive function, it can promote the physical and mental health of college students and enrich the theory of the relationship between sports and executive function. The theory and practice of physical education reform in colleges and universities are of great value. Cooperative learning, as an important way in the reform of physical education curriculum in colleges and universities, not only helps students to learn relevant sports skills, but also plays an important role in achieving the goals of social adaptation and mental health. This study intends to make a favorable attempt to explore whether cooperative learning in college basketball teaching can promote the development of college freshmen's executive function. Objective: to study the effects of cooperative learning in basketball teaching on the executive function of college freshmen, which is designed for 8 weeks, according to the characteristics of college freshmen's physical and mental development. This paper reveals the function of college physical education curriculum in the development of college freshmen's executive function. Subjects and methods: 80 freshmen from two classes of freshmen in Yangzhou University were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 40) and control group (n = 40). The control group received routine physical education and the experimental group received 8 weeks basketball cooperative teaching. The inhibition of the executive function of freshmen before and after the 8-week experiment was investigated by using the Flanker task and the More-odd shifting task / 2-back task. The changes of the three sub-functions were refreshed and converted. Results: (1) the basketball class with cooperative learning can promote the development of the executive function of freshmen. After intervention, the executive function of the freshmen in the experimental group was significantly improved than that before the intervention, but the executive function of the freshmen in the control group was not significantly improved. The basketball class with cooperative learning has a positive effect on the conversion function of freshmen. The basketball class with cooperative learning has a significant effect on freshmen's refresh function. The effect of cooperative learning on the inhibition function of freshmen was not obvious. Conclusion: 1) the basketball class with cooperative learning has a good influence on the executive function of freshmen and promotes it. 2) the basketball class with cooperative learning has a positive effect on the freshmen's refresh and conversion function. There was no significant effect on inhibitory function.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G841-4

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