水阻划船器拉桨技术的运动特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 03:06

本文选题：vicon运动捕捉 + 表面肌电　；参考：《武汉体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为探究水阻划船器拉桨阶段身体各环节的运动特征,通过运动捕捉分析水阻划船器拉桨阶段的运动学特征和肌肉用力特征。本文选取6名男子青少年赛艇运动员和6名普通专业大学生为实验对象,过对男子青少年赛艇运动员和普通运动员在水阻划船器拉桨技术动作进行三维视角下的模拟划船分析,采用三维运动捕获系统和表面肌肌电系统同步分析方法,采集赛艇拉桨技术动作身体各环节的运动学参数和原始肌电图。分析和讨论水阻划船器运动时的指标与运动姿态和肌肉用力的影响,再结合风阻划船器在专业训练中的情况,对比不同组别之间的特征差异。研究表明,在阻力特征方面,由关节角速度的结果间接验证了水阻划船器的拉桨是从迅速蹬腿到上肢用力后到肋骨前,整个拉桨周期都是维持一种阻力不变这一特点,与风阻划船器持续不断平稳加大的阻力特点有差别;在运动学特征方面,角度活动范围在专业组和普通组的所有关节都未发现显著性差异(p0.05);角速度峰值在专业组的腕关节和膝关节存在显著性差异(p0.05),角速度峰值在普通组的所有关节均不存在显著性差异(p0.05);在表面肌电特征方面,在拉桨过程中,专业组身体各环节肌肉发力依次表现为股四头肌、竖脊肌、肱二头肌、三角肌、背阔肌、胫骨前肌;主要用力肌肉是肱二头肌、三角肌、背阔肌,与风阻划船器的略有差异。无论是从运动学还是肌电学的角度分析,专业组的主要肌肉都遵循大肌群带动小肌群的协调用力原则,下肢带动上肢依次运动的用力方式没有改变,用力比较合理。普通组由于动作的明显差异,在这里不予说明。本研究采用vicon三维运动捕捉和表面肌电系统同步测试分析等手段,对水阻划船器拉桨技术动作进行运动学和肌电学分析,对于我们全面认识赛艇拉桨技术,提高赛艇运动训练质量提供参考依据,以及为赛艇力量耐力训练探索新的测试手段和方法具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:In order to study the kinematic characteristics of each part of the body during the paddle stage of the water resistance rower, the kinematics characteristics and muscle force characteristics of the paddle stage of the water resistance rowing vessel were analyzed by motion capture. In this paper, 6 young male rowers and 6 ordinary college students are selected as experimental objects, and the simulated rowing analysis of male juvenile rowers and ordinary athletes under the three dimensional angle of view of the paddle pulling technique of the water resistance rowers is carried out. Three dimensional motion capture system and surface myoelectric system were used to collect the kinematic parameters and original electromyography (EMG). This paper analyzes and discusses the influence of the indexes, posture and muscle force on the movement of the water resistance rower, and then compares the characteristics of different groups with the situation of wind resistance rower in the professional training. The research shows that, in terms of resistance characteristics, the results of joint angular velocity indirectly verify that the paddle of the hydroresistive rower is from the rapid kick to the upper limb after exertion to the front of the rib, and the whole period of the paddle is to maintain a constant resistance. The characteristics of resistance are different from those of wind drag rowers, and in kinematics, No significant difference was found in all joints between the professional group and the normal group, and there was significant difference in the peak angular velocity between the wrist joint and the knee joint in the professional group, and the peak value of angular velocity was not found in all joints in the normal group. There was significant difference in surface electromyography. In the process of pulling oars, the muscles of professional group were quadriceps femoris muscle, erector muscle, biceps brachii muscle, deltoid muscle, latissimus dorsi muscle, anterior tibial muscle, and the main muscle was biceps brachii muscle, deltoid muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle. Slightly different from wind resistance rower. No matter from the angle of kinematics or electromyography, the major muscles of the major group follow the principle of coordinating force of the major muscle group to drive the small muscle group, and the force mode of the lower extremity driving the upper limb in turn has not changed, and the force is more reasonable. The common group is not explained here because of the obvious differences in action. In this study, the kinematics and electromyoelectric analysis of the paddle technique of the water resistance rower were carried out by means of vicon three-dimensional motion capture and synchronous testing and analysis of the surface electromyography system. It is of great significance to improve the quality of rowing training and to explore new test methods for rowing strength endurance training.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G861.4

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